Gene Expression During Bone Repair

Sandberg, M; Aro, Hannu T.; Vuorio, Eero

doi:10.1097/00003086-199304000-00043

Cited by 181 publications

(95 citation statements)

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“…These data indicate that during the process of bone regeneration, remodeling of the primary bone occurs, forming a more mature tissue, with smaller osteocytes arranged in a lamellar pattern (26,27). The bone tissue regenerates its original structure completely (28,29), and in some histological sections after 60 days, it was impossible to differentiate the posterior margin of the defect due to the similarity between the old and newly formed bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of simvastatin on bone regeneration in the mandibles of ovariectomized rats and on blood cholesterol levels.

Junqueira

Mancini

Carvalho

et al. 2002

Journal of Oral Science

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of simvastatin on guided bone regeneration in the mandibles of ovariectomized rats, and to observe their blood cholesterol levels. Seventy female rats were divided into two groups: control and treated, both groups containing normal and ovariectomized rats. A month after ovariectomy a bone defect was created in the mandible, and was covered by a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The treated groups received simvastatin orally for 15 or 30 days. The rats were sacrificed 15, 30 or 60 days after surgery, at which time a blood sample was extracted for blood cholesterol level analysis and the mandible was extracted for densitometric, histological and morphometric analysis. All specimens underwent analysis of variance. The ovariectomized animals had higher cholesterol levels than the treated normal animals, and no significant difference was found between the different treatment periods and the sacrifice times. The densitometric, histological and morphometric analysis showed that the treated ovariectomized animals developed more new bone than the control ovariectomized rats, but no significant difference was observed between the treatment periods. It can be concluded that the deficiency of estrogen increased the level of blood cholesterol and that the simvastatin aided new bone formation in the ovariectomized animals. (J. Oral Sci. 44, 117-124, 2002)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of simvastatin on bone regeneration in the mandibles of ovariectomized rats and on blood cholesterol levels.

Junqueira

Mancini

Carvalho

et al. 2002

Journal of Oral Science

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“…BMPs were originally purified and characterized as osteogenesisinducing factors contained in bone extracts [Wang et al, 1988;Celeste et al, 1990], and their involvement in the regulation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during bone repair has been extensively studied [Sandberg et al, 1993]. Electromagnetic field irradiation at various pulse frequencies is known to induce BMP-2 and -4 upregulation in rat and human osteoblastic cell lines in vitro and in chick embryonic calvaria in vivo [Nagai and Ota, 1994;Bodamyali et al, 1998].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone morphogenetic protein expression in newborn rat kidneys after prenatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation

Pyrpasopoulou

Kotoula

Cheva

et al. 2004

Bioelectromagnetics

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Effects of nonthermal radiofrequency radiation (RFR) of the global system of mobile communication (GSM) cellular phones have been as yet mostly studied at the molecular level in the context of cellular stress and proliferation, as well as neurotransmitter production and localization. In this study, a simulation model was designed for the exposure of pregnant rats to pulsed GSM-like RFR (9.4 GHz), based on the different resonant frequencies of man and rat. The power density applied was 5 mW/cm 2 , in order to avoid thermal electromagnetic effects as much as possible. Pregnant rats were exposed to RFR during days 1-3 postcoitum (p.c.) (embryogenesis, pre-implantation) and days 4-7 p.c. (early organogenesis, peri-implantation). Relative expression and localization of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and their receptors (BMPR), members of a molecular family currently considered as major endocrine and autocrine morphogens and known to be involved in renal development, were investigated in newborn kidneys from RFR exposed and sham irradiated (control) rats. Semiquantitative duplex RT-PCR for BMP-4, -7, BMPR-IA, -IB, and -II showed increased BMP-4 and BMPR-IA, and decreased BMPR-II relative expression in newborn kidneys. These changes were statistically significant for BMP-4, BMPR-IA, and -II after exposure on days 1-3 p.c. (P <.001 each), and for BMP-4 and BMPR-IA after exposure on days 4-7 p.c. (P <.001 and P ¼.005, respectively). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (ISH) showed aberrant expression and localization of these molecules at the histological level. Our findings suggest that GSM-like RFR interferes with gene expression during early gestation and results in aberrations of BMP expression in the newborn. These molecular changes do not appear to affect renal organogenesis and may reflect a delay in the development of this organ. The differences of relative BMP expression after different time periods of exposure indicate the importance of timing for GSM-like RFR effects on embryonic development.

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“…Fracture healing is a complex phenomenon involving the coordinated participation of immigration, differentiation and proliferation of inflammatory cells, angioblasts, fibroblasts, chondroblasts and osteoblasts which synthesize and release bioactive substances of extracellular matrix components, e.g., collagen I, 11, 111, V or IX, growth factors [Transforming Growth Factor-p1 (TGF-Pl), Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) or Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)] and intercellular mediators (Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, Granulocytemacrophage Colony Stimulating Factor or Macrophage-colony Stimulating Factor) [2,3,10,20,28,31]. Cell proliferation during the healing of fractured rat femora, *Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of fracture stability influences chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and immigration of macrophages

Hankemeier

Grässel²,

Plenz

et al. 2001

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Mechanical conditions at the fracture line determine the mode of fracture healing (osteonal versus non-osteonal bone union). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of differing degrees of fracture stability on the time course of chondrogenesis, enchondral ossification and immigration of macrophages into the fracture callus.Using a fracture model of the rat's tibia, histological (Azan staining), immunohistological (antibodies directed against the macrophage-specific surface antigen ED2), and molecular biological techniques (expression of the mRNA of the cartilage-specific collagen IX, osteocalcin -a marker for mature osteoblasts -and the macrophage-specific macrosialin) were employed.In terms of histology and molecular biology (collagen IX mRNA expression) chondrogenesis in the fracture gap continued for longer in less stable fractures. In more stable fractures bone formation -identified by osteocalcin mRNA expression -increased from day 12 onwards. The expression of the macrophage-specific surface antigen ED2 and the mRNA of macrosialin was more pronounced but of shorter duration in the more stable fractures.This study shows that differing degrees of fracture stability not only influence the interplay between osteogenesis and chondrogenesis but also alter the kinetics of macrophage immigration into the fracture callus. These findings could aid in better understanding the cytobiologic mechanisms of callus formation and may suggest that macrophages are an important factor not only in soft tissue healing but also in bone healing.

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Gene Expression During Bone Repair

Cited by 181 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of simvastatin on bone regeneration in the mandibles of ovariectomized rats and on blood cholesterol levels.

Effects of simvastatin on bone regeneration in the mandibles of ovariectomized rats and on blood cholesterol levels.

Bone morphogenetic protein expression in newborn rat kidneys after prenatal exposure to radiofrequency radiation

Alteration of fracture stability influences chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and immigration of macrophages

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