Gene Expression and K+ Uptake of Two Tomato Cultivars in Response to Sub-Optimal Temperature

Abstract

Sub-optimal temperatures can adversely affect tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) growth, and K+ plays an important role in the cold tolerance of plants. However, gene expression and K+ uptake in tomato in response to sub-optimal temperatures are still not very clear. To address these questions, one cold-tolerant tomato cultivar, Dongnong 722 (T722), and one cold-sensitive cultivar, Dongnong 708 (S708), were exposed to sub-optimal (15/10 °C) and normal temperatures (25/18 °C), and the differences in growth, K+ uptake characteristics and global gene expressions were investigated. The results showed that compared to S708, T722 exhibited lower reduction in plant growth rate, the whole plant K+ amount and K+ net uptake rate, and T722 also had higher peroxidase activity and lower K+ efflux rate under sub-optimal temperature conditions. RNA-seq analysis showed that a total of 1476 and 2188 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responding to sub-optimal temperature were identified in S708 and T722 roots, respectively. Functional classification revealed that most DEGs were involved in “plant hormone signal transduction”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “sulfur metabolism” and “cytochrome P450”. The genes that were significantly up-regulated only in T722 were involved in the “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” and “plant hormone signal transduction” pathways. Moreover, we also found that sub-optimal temperature inhibited the expression of gene coding for K+ transporter SIHAK5 in both cultivars, but decreased the expression of gene coding for K+ channel AKT1 only in S708. Overall, our results revealed the cold response genes in tomato roots, and provided a foundation for further investigation of mechanism involved in K+ uptake in tomato under sub-optimal temperatures.

CsAKT1 is a key gene for the CeO2 nanoparticle's improved cucumber salt tolerance: a validation from CRISPR-Cas9 lines

“…62 Unlike the common six transmembrane chains in Shaker-type channel protein, 71,72 the predicted structure analysis showed that CsAKT1 contains only five transmembrane structures, which may be due to the shorter third transmembrane region. Consistent with the function of AKT1 reported in other species, 63,65,66 here, we found that AKT1 is localized in the plasma membrane of cucumber, and executes the transportation of potassium ions. With the Environmental Science: Nano Paper creation of CRISPR/Cas9 lines, we confirmed that CsAKT1 is a key gene to nanoceria-improved cucumber salt tolerance.…”

“…62 In different species, the AKT1 has the function of the potassium ion transport, e.g. tomato, 63 rice, 64 maize, 65 soybean, 54 and Arabidopsis. 66 This further confirms that AKT1 plays an important role in the absorption of K + , maintenance of K + content in plants, and enhancement of plant salt tolerance.…”

CpCAF1 from Chimonanthus praecox Promotes Flowering and Low-Temperature Tolerance When Expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…The strongly CpCAF1 overexpressing L5 line showed the greatest induction, followed by the weakly CpCAF1 overexpressing L3 line, and induction was weakest in the wild type. Compared with the cold-sensitive tomato cultivar ‘S708′, the cold-tolerant tomato cultivar ‘T722’ exhibits a lower reduction in plant growth rate, whole-plant K + content, and K + net uptake [ 50 ]. Moreover, potassium functions in the plant signaling system to defend against low-temperature conditions and ensure an adequate potassium supply for the plant, whereas potassium deficiency can increase the susceptibility of plants to low temperatures [ 51 ].…”

Physiological and transcriptomic analysis of tomato in response to sub-optimal temperature stress

“…The transcriptome analysis of the two tomato cultivars plants with or without sub-optimal temperature for 5 days was performed. Total RNA extraction of tomato roots was conducted as described by Gao et al 31 After that, the sequencing of these libraries was performed through the Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 system by Shanghai Majorbio Biopharm Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Raw data was analyzed by using SeqPrep ( http://gihub.com/jstjohn/ ) and Sickle ( http://github.com/najoshi/ ), adapter-containing reads, low-quality reads (Q<25) and poly-N reads (with more than 10% N base) were removed to get high-quality clean reads.…”

“…In our previous study, the gene expression and K + uptake of two tomato cultivars under sub-optimal temperature were analyzed. 31 However, the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the expression of transcription factors and osmoregulation genes of two tomato cultivars under sub-optimal temperature stress are still not clear. In this study, we determine the growth status of plants by measuring the parameters of the aboveground parts.…”