Gene Expression and Cell Cycle Regulation

Hochhauser, Steven J.; Stein, Janet L.

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61183-3

Cited by 58 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 945 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Exponentially growing cultures were shifted into serum-free medium containing individual factors which have been reported as stimulating the growth of 3T3 cells and other fibroblasts. These included insulin (1 p.g/ml) (14,19,37), EGF (50 ng/ml) (4), FGF (50 ng/ml) (15,33), PDGF (75 U/ml) (34), dexamethasone or hydrocortisone (30 ng/ml) (16,33), prostaglandin F2a (400 ng/ml) (18,19), thrombin (100 ng/ml) (9), and transferrin (5 ,ug/ml) (37). The progress into the S phase was monitored (Fig.…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These established, nontumorigenic embryonic cells show a stringent degree of growth control in culture, depending on the environment into which they are placed (14,16,23,34 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eucaryotic cell growth is controlled by regulatory events which occur before the onset of DNA synthesis (2,14,23). The presynthesis or Gi phase of the cell cycle is generally viewed as a period during which cells prepare to initiate a round of DNA replication and cell division.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each identified event requires a growth factor (commonly supplied by serum) (12,13,39) or adequate supply of essential nutrients (12). In addition, both transcription and translation are necessary for stimulated, quiescent cells to enter the S phase (2,3,14,38).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Post-transcriptional control of the onset of DNA synthesis by an insulin-like growth factor.

Campisi¹,

Pardee²

1984

Mol. Cell. Biol.

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The control of eucaryotic cell proliferation is governed largely by a series of regulatory events which occur in the Gl phase of the cell cycle. When stimulated to proliferate, quiescent (GO) 3T3 fibroblasts require transcription, rapid translation, and three growth factors for the growth state transition. We examined exponentially growing 3T3 cells to relate the requirements for Gl transit to those necessary for the transition from the GO to the S phase. Cycling cells in the Gl phase required transcription, rapid translation, and a single growth factor (insulin-like growth factor [IGF] I) to initiate DNA synthesis. IGF I acted post-transcriptionally at a late Gl step. All cells in the Gl phase entered the S phase on schedule if either insulin (hyperphysiological concentration) or IGF I (subnanomolar concentration) was provided as the sole growth factor. In medium lacking all growth factors, only cells within 2 to 3 h of the S phase were able to initiate DNA synthesis. Similarly, cells within 2 to 3 h of the S phase were less dependent on transcription and translation for entry into the S phase. Cells responded very differently to inhibited translation than to growth factor deprivation. Cells in the early and mid-Gl phases did not progress toward the S phase during transcriptional or translational inhibition, and during translational inhibition they actually regressed from the S phase. In the absence of growth factors, however, these cells continued progressing toward the S phase, but still required IGF at a terminal step before initiating DNA synthesis. We conclude that a suboptimal condition causes cells to either progress or regress in the cell cycle rather than freezing them at their initial position. By using synchronized cultures, we also show that in contrast to earlier events, this final, IGF-dependent step did not require new trnscription. This result is in conrast to findings that other growth factors induce new transcription. We examined the requirements for Gl transit by using a chemically transformed 3T3 cell line (BPA31 cells) which has lost some but not all ability to regulate its growth. Early-and mid-Gl-phase BPA31 cells required transcription and translation to initiate DNA synthesis, although they did not regress from the S phase during translational inhibition. However, these cells did not need IGF for entry into the S phase.Eucaryotic cell growth is controlled by regulatory events which occur before the onset of DNA synthesis (2, 14, 23). The presynthesis or Gi phase of the cell cycle is generally viewed as a period during which cells prepare to initiate a round of DNA replication and cell division. In addition, cells in the Gl phase assess the feasibility of these processes in regard to the extracellular environment.Much of our understanding of the nature of growth regulation derives from studies with cultured murine 3T3 fibroblasts. These established, nontumorigenic embryonic cells show a stringent degree of growth control in culture, depending on the environment into which they are placed...

show abstract

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These established, nontumorigenic embryonic cells show a stringent degree of growth control in culture, depending on the environment into which they are placed (14,16,23,34 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Post-transcriptional control of the onset of DNA synthesis by an insulin-like growth factor.

Campisi¹,

Pardee²

1984

Mol. Cell. Biol.

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Extensive investigations have been carried out to identify and characterize the mechanisms which control the cell cycle in mammalian cells and the many cell cycle genes (6,11,32). These mechanisms, however, are not yet well understood, and only a few cell cycle genes have been well characterized (12,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning of a human S-phase cell cycle gene: use of transient expression for screening.

Fainsod¹,

Diamond²,

Marcus³

et al. 1987

Mol. Cell. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report here the cloning of a human cell cycle gene capable of complementing a temperature-sensitive (ts) S-phase cell cycle mutation in a Chinese hamster cell line. Cloning was performed as follows. A human genomic library in phage lambda containing 600,000 phages was screened with labeled cDNA synthesized from an mRNA fraction enriched for the specific cell cycle gene message. Plaques containing DNA inserts which hybridized to the cDNA were picked, and their DNAs were assayed for transient complementation in DNA transformation experiments. The transient complementation assay we developed is suitable for most cell cycle genes and indeed for many genes whose products are required for cell proliferation. Of 845 phages screened, 1 contained an insert active in transient complementation of the ts cell cycle mutation. Introduction of this phage into the ts cell cycle mutant also gave rise to stable transformants which grew normally at the restrictive temperature for the ts mutant cells.

show abstract

Comparison ofbax,waf1, and IMP dehydrogenase regulation in response to wild-type p53 expression under normal growth conditions

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, we demonstrated that downregulation of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPD; IMP:NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), the rate-limiting enzyme for guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, is required for p53-dependent growth suppression. These studies were performed with cell lines derived from immortal, nontumorigenic fibroblasts that express wild-type p53 conditionally by virtue of a metal-responsive promoter. Here, the p53-dependent properties of the original "p53-inducible" fibroblasts are presented in detail and compared to related properties of epithelial cells that also express wild-type p53 conditionally, but by virtue of a temperature-responsive promoter. Both types of p53-inducible cells were designed to approximate normal physiologic relationships between the host cell and the regulated p53 protein. Together, they were used to investigate expression relationships between IMPD and other p53-responsive genes proposed as mediators of p53-dependent growth suppression. In both types of cells, IMPD activity, protein, and mRNA were consistently coordinately reduced in response to p53 expression. In contrast, mRNAs for waf1, bax, and mdm2 showed disparate patterns of expression, being induced in one conditional cell type, but not the other. This distinction in regulation pattern suggests that under normal growth conditions, unlike IMPD downregulation, bax and waf1 induction is not a rate-determining event for p53-dependent growth suppression.

show abstract

Gene Expression and Cell Cycle Regulation

Cited by 58 publications

References 945 publications

Post-transcriptional control of the onset of DNA synthesis by an insulin-like growth factor.

Post-transcriptional control of the onset of DNA synthesis by an insulin-like growth factor.

Cloning of a human S-phase cell cycle gene: use of transient expression for screening.

Comparison ofbax,waf1, and IMP dehydrogenase regulation in response to wild-type p53 expression under normal growth conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About