Gene expression analysis associated with agarwood formation in Aquilaria malaccensis

Islam, Md. Rofiqul; Bhau, Brijmohan Singh; Banu, Sofia

doi:10.1007/s40502-020-00505-9

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Wood tissue of Agarwood producing (infected) and healthy (non-infected) Aquilaria tress were obtained from Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, Jorhat, India as per methodology described by Islam et al 2020. Samples were transported in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide investigation of Cytochrome P450 superfamily of Aquilaria agallocha: association with terpenoids and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis

Das

Begum

Akhtar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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P450 superfamily (CYPs) has been known as contributors to the metabolites's diversity and their promiscuous nature has led to the flexibility in substrate specificity and functional diversity. Current study was designed to investigate CYPs in the genome of an agarwood producing plant species named Aquilaria agallocha. Agarwood, the resinous fragrant wood with numerous phytochemicals, produced when an Aquilaria plant respond to wound and microbial infection. These chemicals are of great interest to industries ascribing it a high economic value. However, the pathways for the biosynthesis of these metabolites have not been studied in context of Aquilaria CYPs. We identified 136 A. agallocha CYP proteins from the genome, characterized and classified them into 8 clans and 38 families. Functional analysis unveiled their participation in terpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids and other valuable metabolites biosynthesis. Conserved motifs were detected and evolutionary analysis revealed duplicated and orthologous pairs. Potential members for the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenoids and phenylpropanoids reported in Aquilaria and agarwood were elucidated and validated through expression profiles in stress induced callus tissues and infected Aquilaria tress. This study provides a strong foundation for biochemical characterization of Aquilaria CYPs which will aid heterologous production of valuable phytochemicals and untangle molecular mechanism of agarwood formation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide investigation of Cytochrome P450 superfamily of Aquilaria agallocha: association with terpenoids and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis

Das

Begum

Akhtar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Treatment of seedlings after cutting refers to physical wounding. Wood samples (resin-embedded infected wood and healthy wood of A. agallocha) from Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary in Jorhat, Assam, India, were collected following the methodology described by Islam et al (2020) to analyze the AaRboh transcripts abundance. All sample sets were rapidly immersed in the liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C until experiments were done.…”

Section: Plant Material Growth and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total RNA from stem tissues was extracted following the RNA extraction method outlined by Islam and Banu (2019) and from callus tissues using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen). The quality and concentration of extracted RNA were assessed with 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and estimated with the Multiskan Sky Microplate Spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), respectively.…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Real-time Reverse Transcription Pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes in Aquilaria species and insight into ROS-mediated metabolites biosynthesis and resin deposition

Begum,

Das,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a defense response during biotic and abiotic stress. In Aquilaria plants, wounding and fungal infection result in biosynthesis and deposition of secondary metabolites as defense responses, which later form constituents of fragrant resinous agarwood. During injury and fungal invasion, Aquilaria tree generates ROS species via the Rboh enzymes. Despite the implication of Rboh genes in agarwood formation, no comprehensive genomic-level study of the Rboh gene family in Aquilaria is present. A systematic illustration of their role during stress and involvement in initiating signal cascades for agarwood metabolite biosynthesis is missing. In this study, 14 Rboh genes were retrieved from genomes of two Aquilaria species, A. agallocha and A. sinensis, and were classified into five groups. The promoter regions of the genes had abundant of stress-responsive elements. Protein–protein network and in silico expression analysis suggested their functional association with MAPK proteins and transcription factors such as WRKY and MYC2. The study further explored the expression profiles of Rboh genes and found them to be differentially regulated in stress-induced callus and stem tissue, suggesting their involvement in ROS generation during stress in Aquilaria. Overall, the study provides in-depth insight into two Rboh genes, AaRbohC and AaRbohA, highlighting their role in defense against fungal and abiotic stress, and likely during initiation of agarwood formation through modulation of genes involved in secondary metabolites biosynthesis. The findings presented here offer valuable information about Rboh family members, which can be leveraged for further investigations into ROS-mediated regulation of agarwood formation in Aquilaria species.

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“…For the stress treatment of seedlings, the wounded stems were treated with distilled H2O, H2O2, DMTU and healthy Aquilaria lateral stems were taken as a control. For analysis of AaRboh gene transcript in resin embedded wood tissue (induced) and healthy wood tissue of Aquilaria tree were collected from the Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary in Jorhat, Assam, India, using methodology outlined previously (Islam et al 2020). All sample sets were rapidly immersed in liquid nitrogen and stored at 80 °C for further experiments.…”

Section: Plant Material Growth and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gene specific primers for AaRbohs were designed with PrimerQuest software of IDT (https://sg.idtdna.com/pages/tools/primerquest/) and are enlisted at Supplementary file 1. The standardized GAPDH primer of A. malaccensis was used as internal control (Islam et al, 2020). For each biological replicate, the analyses were performed with three technical replicates each containing 20 µl of reaction volume in optical stripes, the temperature pattern of 95 °C for 1 min, followed by 40 cycles at 95 °C for 10 s and 60 °C for 30 s was followed as thermal cycler profile.…”

Section: Rna Extraction and Qrt-pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes inAquilariaspecies and its association with agarwood formation

Begum

Das

Ahmed

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh), generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain normal growth and pathogen induced defence responses in plants. InAquilariaplants, wounding and fungal invasion results in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites as a defence response which with due course develop into agarwood. During pathogen invasion,Aquilariatree accumulate ROS species through the action of Rboh enzymes. Although in agarwood formation role of Rboh gene family has been implicated, an comprehensives study onRbohgene family and information of its role during agarwood formation in missing. In this study, sevenRbohgenes were identified from the genomes of twoAquilariaspecies viz.,Aquilaria agallochaandAquilaria sinensisand phylogenetically classified into five groups.Stress response, hormone regulation, and development related regulatory elements were identified in the promoter regions. The protein sequences comprised of four conserved domains, an EF-hand domain, and a transmembrane region which they probably utilise for MAPK signaling, plant-pathogen interaction and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Expression analyses revealed that among the seven members,AaRbohAandAaRhobCwere involved in generation of ROS species, and also probably play role in agarwood formation. These findings provide valuable information regarding the Rboh members ofA. agallochawhich can be further used for functional analyses for in-depth understanding of ROS mediated signalling and regulation of agarwood formation.Graphical abstract

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Gene expression analysis associated with agarwood formation in Aquilaria malaccensis

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Genome-wide investigation of Cytochrome P450 superfamily of Aquilaria agallocha: association with terpenoids and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis

Genome-wide investigation of Cytochrome P450 superfamily of Aquilaria agallocha: association with terpenoids and phenylpropanoids biosynthesis

Genome-wide analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes in Aquilaria species and insight into ROS-mediated metabolites biosynthesis and resin deposition

Genome-wide analysis of Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) genes inAquilariaspecies and its association with agarwood formation

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