Gene Editing, Gene Therapy, and Cell Xenotransplantation: Cell Transplantation Across Species

Mourad, Nizar I.; Gianello, Pierre

doi:10.1007/s40472-017-0157-6

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…52 The glucose homeostasis functions of porcine islets can also be modified to improve their efficacy, which may further reduce the quantity needing to survive for successful functional engraftment. 53,54 Indeed, this presents a clear opportunity for further targeted genetic modification which may ultimately be critical for early porcine xenoislet engraftment. [55][56][57] Costimulation-based immunosuppression has been tested in small clinical islet allotransplant studies with promising results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐thymoglobulin induction improves neonatal porcine xenoislet engraftment and survival

Gao

Robert

Fitch

et al. 2021

Xenotransplantation

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Porcine islet xenotransplantation is a viable strategy to treat diabetes. Its translation has been limited by the pre-clinical development of a clinically available immunosuppressive regimen. We tested two clinically relevant induction agents in a non-human primate (NHP) islet xenotransplantation model to compare depletional versus nondepletional induction immunosuppression. Neonatal porcine islets were isolated from GKO or hCD46/GKO transgenic piglets and transplanted via portal vein infusion in diabetic rhesus macaques. Induction therapy consisted of either basiliximab (n = 6) or rhesus-specific anti-thymocyte globulin (rhATG, n = 6), combined with a maintenance regimen using B7 costimulation blockade, tacrolimus with a delayed transition to sirolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Xenografts were monitored by blood glucose levels and porcine C-peptide measurements. Of the six receiving basiliximab induction, engraftment was achieved in 4 with median graft survival of 14 days. All six receiving rhATG induction engrafted with significantly longer xenograft survival at 40.5 days (P = 0.03). These data suggest that depletional induction provides superior xenograft survival to nondepletional induction, in the setting of a costimulation blockade-based maintenance regimen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐thymoglobulin induction improves neonatal porcine xenoislet engraftment and survival

Gao

Robert

Fitch

et al. 2021

Xenotransplantation

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“…Third, genome editing in animals could provide a solution to the long-standing shortage of human organ donors by facilitating xenotransplantation from pigs into humans [ [26,39,51,64,66,68,73,74,76,77,130,135,140]. It was mentioned that this solution should be compared to alternative solutions to this problem in terms of resource allocation and prioritization [105].…”

Section: Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ethics of genome editing in non-human animals: a systematic review of reasons reported in the academic literature

Graeff

Jongsma

Johnston

et al. 2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 17 to a discussion meeting issue 'The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems'.In recent years, new genome editing technologies have emerged that can edit the genome of non-human animals with progressively increasing efficiency. Despite ongoing academic debate about the ethical implications of these technologies, no comprehensive overview of this debate exists. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a systematic review of the reasons reported in the academic literature for and against the development and use of genome editing technologies in animals. Most included articles were written by academics from the biomedical or animal sciences. The reported reasons related to seven themes: human health, efficiency, risks and uncertainty, animal welfare, animal dignity, environmental considerations and public acceptability. Our findings illuminate several key considerations about the academic debate, including a low disciplinary diversity in the contributing academics, a scarcity of systematic comparisons of potential consequences of using these technologies, an underrepresentation of animal interests, and a disjunction between the public and academic debate on this topic. As such, this article can be considered a call for a broad range of academics to get increasingly involved in the discussion about genome editing, to incorporate animal interests and systematic comparisons, and to further discuss the aims and methods of public involvement.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems'.Data accessibility. This article has no additional data.

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“…60 While various organs have been proposed to be good candidates for xenotransplantation (such as pancreatic islets, kidneys, heart and liver), 61–63 high immunological rejection due to cross species incompatibility remains a major challenge. 64 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

et al. 2018

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Peripheral nerve injury is a common disease that affects more than 20 million people in the United States alone and remains a major burden to society. The current gold standard treatment for critical-sized nerve defects is autologous nerve graft transplantation; however, this method is limited in many ways and does not always lead to satisfactory outcomes. The limitations of autografts have prompted investigations into artificial neural scaffolds as replacements, and some neural scaffold devices have progressed to widespread clinical use; scaffold technology overall has yet to be shown to be consistently on a par with or superior to autografts. Recent advances in biomimetic scaffold technologies have opened up many new and exciting opportunities, and novel improvements in material, fabrication technique, scaffold architecture, and lumen surface modifications that better reflect biological anatomy and physiology have independently been shown to benefit overall nerve regeneration. Furthermore, biomimetic features of neural scaffolds have also been shown to work synergistically with other nerve regeneration therapy strategies such as growth factor supplementation, stem cell transplantation, and cell surface glycoengineering. This review summarizes the current state of neural scaffolds, highlights major advances in biomimetic technologies, and discusses future opportunities in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration.

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Gene Editing, Gene Therapy, and Cell Xenotransplantation: Cell Transplantation Across Species

Cited by 14 publications

References 79 publications

Anti‐thymoglobulin induction improves neonatal porcine xenoislet engraftment and survival

Anti‐thymoglobulin induction improves neonatal porcine xenoislet engraftment and survival

The ethics of genome editing in non-human animals: a systematic review of reasons reported in the academic literature

Biomimetic neural scaffolds: a crucial step towards optimal peripheral nerve regeneration

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