Gene editing: A potential tool to enhance field crop production

Imran, Mahnoor; Butt, M. A.; Hannan, Abdul; Manzoor, Asma; Qaisar, Uzma

doi:10.14445/22490183/ijbtt-v10i1p612

Cited by 3 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The most commonly one applied for plant genomics is the targeted generation of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) by SSNs [12,13]. Whereat this DSBs are recovered by the cell's own endogenous repair mechanisms either through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HDR) [7][8][9][10][12][13][14][15][16]. Thereat, the reparation of the target DNA sequence leads to the genesis of single base mutations that changing or shifting of the reading frame and initiating of indels or nucleotide substitutions, as well chromosomal rearrangements [8,15].…”

Section: Genome Editing Mechanisms 21 Programmable Nucleasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevailing nucleases for GE are zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated with the endonuclease Cas (CRISPR/Cas). These three classes of nucleases are different in structure, activity and action mechanism, that leads to differences in target selection, efficiency, specificity and nature of mutation [7][8][9][10]. Let's take a closer examine each programmable nucleases types.…”

Section: Genome Editing Mechanisms 21 Programmable Nucleasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this GE technology is much cheaper, faster, more efficient and simple in practical application in comparing to ZFN or TALEN [17,23]. This technology is based on the use of mechanisms of adaptive "immunity" discovered in bacteria -a specific antiviral defense of bacterial cells based on the complementary binding of viral DNA and their follow destruction [7][8][9][10][12][13][14].…”

Section: Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, advances of next-generation sequencing, multitude of sequenced genomes of major crops and newly identified genes and their functions motivate researchers to pursue targeted breeding of plants. All of this have significantly promoted the development of targeted genome editing (GE) approaches [7][8][9][10]. One of the first GE technologies was RNA interference (RNAi) [4,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution to these breeding problems was the application of GE methods using sequence-specific nucleases (SSN) to introduce targeted mutations in crops with high efficiency and accuracy [7][8][9][10]12]. Artificially engineered SSNs such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated with the endonuclease Cas (CRISPR/Cas) have been shown to be highly effective in targeting mutagenesis in a wide range of model plants and crops [7][8][9][10]12]. In addition, oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis (ODM) allows to edit the genome at the single nucleotide level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using of Genome Editing Methods in Plant Breeding

Kamburova¹,

Salakhutdinov²,

Shermatov³

et al. 2021

Plant Breeding - Current and Future Views

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The main task of plant breeding is creating of high-yield, resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses crop varieties with high product quality. The using of traditional breeding methods is limited by the duration of the new crop varieties creation with the required agronomic traits. This depends not only on the duration of growing season and reaching of mature stage of plants (especially the long-period growth plants, e.g. trees), as well as is associated with applying of multiple stages of crossing, selection and testing in breeding process. In addition, conventional methods of chemical and physical mutagenesis do not allow targeting effect to genome. However, the introduction of modern DNA-technology methods, such as genome editing, has opened in a new era in plant breeding. These methods allow to carry out precise and efficient targeted genome modifications, significantly reducing the time required to get plants with desirable features to create new crop varieties in perspective. This review provides the knowledge about application of genome editing methods to increase crop yields and product quality, as well as crop resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, future prospects for integrating these technologies into crop breeding strategies are also discussed.

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Section: Genome Editing Mechanisms 21 Programmable Nucleasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genome Editing Mechanisms 21 Programmable Nucleasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Using of Genome Editing Methods in Plant Breeding

Kamburova¹,

Salakhutdinov²,

Shermatov³

et al. 2021

Plant Breeding - Current and Future Views

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Genome Editing and Improvement of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants

Yadav

Tripathi

Tiwari

et al. 2023

Life

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Genome editing aims to revolutionise plant breeding and could assist in safeguarding the global food supply. The inclusion of a 12–40 bp recognition site makes mega nucleases the first tools utilized for genome editing and first generation gene-editing tools. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) are the second gene-editing technique, and because they create double-stranded breaks, they are more dependable and effective. ZFNs were the original designed nuclease-based approach of genome editing. The Cys2-His2 zinc finger domain’s discovery made this technique possible. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are utilized to improve genetics, boost biomass production, increase nutrient usage efficiency, and develop disease resistance. Plant genomes can be effectively modified using genome-editing technologies to enhance characteristics without introducing foreign DNA into the genome. Next-generation plant breeding will soon be defined by these exact breeding methods. There is abroad promise that genome-edited crops will be essential in the years to come for improving the sustainability and climate-change resilience of food systems. This method also has great potential for enhancing crops’ resistance to various abiotic stressors. In this review paper, we summarize the most recent findings about the mechanism of abiotic stress response in crop plants and the use of the CRISPR/Cas mediated gene-editing systems to improve tolerance to stresses including drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals.

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CRISPER/CAS: A potential tool for genomes editing

2021

Biomed. Lett.

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The ability to engineer genomes presents a significant opportunity for applied biology research. In 2050, the population of this world is expected to reach 9.6 billion residents; rising food with better quality is the most promising approach to food security. Compared to earlier methodologies including Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) plus Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), which were expensive as well as time-consuming, innovation in Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and related CRISPR (Cas) protein classifications allowed selective editing of genes for the enhancement of food. The basic mechanism of CRISPR Cas9 process and its applications on genome editing has been summarized in this manuscript. The method relies on Sequence-Specific Nucleases (SSNs) to create Double Stranded Breaks (DSB) of DNA at the locus of genome defined by user, mended by using one of two DNA mending ways: Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) or Homology Directed Repair (HDR). Cas9, an RNA-guided endonuclease, was used to produce stable knock-in and knock-out mutants. The focus of this effort is to explore the CRISPR Cas9 genome editing to manage gene expression and improve future editing success. This adaptable technique can be consumed for a wide range of applications of genome editing requiring high precision. Advances in this technology have sparked renewed interest in the possibilities for editing genome in plants.

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Gene editing: A potential tool to enhance field crop production

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Using of Genome Editing Methods in Plant Breeding

Using of Genome Editing Methods in Plant Breeding

Genome Editing and Improvement of Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants

CRISPER/CAS: A potential tool for genomes editing

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