Gene discovery for crop improvement

Martin, Gregory B.

doi:10.1016/s0958-1669(98)80119-5

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…However, the success of map-based cloning mainly depends on: (i) an accurately segregating population of the target trait, (ii) availability of a large number of DNA markers and feasibility of their application, (iii) availability of suitable genomic libraries and/or nucleotide sequence information corresponding to the candidate genomic region and (iv) efficient transformation and evaluation systems of transgenic plants. The importance of these factors has been reviewed by Tanksley, Ganal, & Martin (1995) and by Martin (1998). In spite of improvements in the cloning of genes on the basis of phenotype, even a skilled scientist can take some time to use a mutant to identify the affected gene.…”

Section: A Use Of Forward and Reverse Genetics And Transgenic Approamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant organelle proteomics: Collaborating for optimal cell function

Agrawal¹,

Bourguignon

Rolland

et al. 2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Organelle proteomics describes the study of proteins present in organelle at a particular instance during the whole period of their life cycle in a cell. Organelles are specialized membrane bound structures within a cell that function by interacting with cytosolic and luminal soluble proteins making the protein composition of each organelle dynamic. Depending on organism, the total number of organelles within a cell varies, indicating their evolution with respect to protein number and function. For example, one of the striking differences between plant and animal cells is the plastids in plants. Organelles have their own proteins, and few organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genome to synthesize proteins for specific function and also require nuclear-encoded proteins. Enormous work has been performed on animal organelle proteomics. However, plant organelle proteomics has seen limited work mainly due to: (i) inter-plant and inter-tissue complexity, (ii) difficulties in isolation of subcellular compartments, and (iii) their enrichment and purity. Despite these concerns, the field of organelle proteomics is growing in plants, such as Arabidopsis, rice and maize. The available data are beginning to help better understand organelles and their distinct and/or overlapping functions in different plant tissues, organs or cell types, and more importantly, how protein components of organelles behave during development and with surrounding environments. Studies on organelles have provided a few good reviews, but none of them are comprehensive. Here, we present a comprehensive review on plant organelle proteomics starting from the significance of organelle in cells, to organelle isolation, to protein identification and to biology and beyond. To put together such a systematic, in-depth review and to translate acquired knowledge in a proper and adequate form, we join minds to provide discussion and viewpoints on the collaborative nature of organelles in cell, their proper function and evolution.

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Section: A Use Of Forward and Reverse Genetics And Transgenic Approamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant organelle proteomics: Collaborating for optimal cell function

Agrawal¹,

Bourguignon

Rolland

et al. 2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…Molecular marker technologies have led to the rapid development of detailed genetic maps for many crop plants (Martin, 1998). Genetic linkage maps provide a framework for studying simple and complex traits.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Genetic Linkage Map of Diploid Paspalum notatum

et al. 2001

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Paspalum notatum Flugge is a subtropical grass native to South America. The most common form in the USA is P. notatum var. saurae Parodi (Pensacola bahiagrass), which is a valuable forage. Pensacola bahiagrass is a sexual diploid, while most other races of P. notatum are apomictic tetraploids. The objective of this work was the construction of a genetic linkage map of diploid P. notatum (2n = 2x = 20) that can be used as a framework for basic genetic studies as well as breeding purposes. The mapping population derived from a cross between the genotypes Q408410 and Tift9 that originated from Cayastá, Santa Fe, Argentina, and Tifton, GA, USA, respectively. Heterologous restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) clones of maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) were used to cover the Paspalum genome uniformly in a comparative approach, while random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were added to condense the linkage groups. A combined map was constructed with the markers segregating from both parental genotypes by the program JoinMap 1.4. A total of 149 marker loci were used for map construction. One hundred twelve loci were allocated to 10 linkage groups, covering a total map distance of 991 centimorgan (cM). The average distance between markers was about 9 cM. Paspalum Linkage Groups 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 showed syntenic regions with maps of maize and rice. Moreover, several RFLP loci reported to be associated with apomixis in hybrids of maize‐Tripsacum and Brachiaria were located on the map. This study provides a genetic linkage map of a subtropical forage grass with both sexual and apomictic forms, which can be used for investigating simple and complex traits.

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“…Then, the size of the population for segregation should be increased to narrow the locus with new polymorphic markers such as SSR, or newly designed PCR primers using genome sequence information. Finally, the target region will be revealed within less than 30 kb and the candidate genes must appear (Tanksley et al 1995, Martin 1998. The main problems with this approach are as follows: 1) dependence of recombination probability on precise tagging; 2) availability of only Nipponbare genome sequences; and 3) final identification of the candidate genes relies solely on the transformation or multiple alleles, if present.…”

Section: Actual Identification Of Genes Corresponding To Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rice Genome Analysis: Understanding the Genetic Secrets of the Rice Plant

Sasaki

2003

Breed. Sci.

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The information about heredity which defines every living species is packed in its genome. The discovery of DNA as the material of inheritance and subsequent elucidation of its double helical structure laid the foundation for comprehensive genome analysis, which aims at gaining all the genetic information or sequence of nucleotides of major organisms. Extensive analysis of the rice genome which was initiated in 1991 in Japan has resulted in the production of a large amount of important data with a considerable impact on traditional rice and cereal genetics. This has led to a new direction of rice research and has provided biologists with powerful research tools to reveal the function of all the genes that comprise the rice genome. The new knowledge generated from this endeavor will be very useful for developing novel strategies for rice breeding that will ensure a stable food supply for mankind.

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Gene discovery for crop improvement

Cited by 18 publications

References 66 publications

Plant organelle proteomics: Collaborating for optimal cell function

Plant organelle proteomics: Collaborating for optimal cell function

A Genetic Linkage Map of Diploid Paspalum notatum

Rice Genome Analysis: Understanding the Genetic Secrets of the Rice Plant

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