Gene and protein expression of oestrogen‐<i>β</i> and progesterone receptors in facial melasma and adjacent healthy skin in women

Tamega, Andréia de Almeida; Miot, Hélio Amante; Moço, Natália Prearo; Silva, Márcia Guimarães da; Marques, Mariângela Esther Alencar; Miot, Luciane Donida Bartoli

doi:10.1111/ics.12186

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Some patients with acne scars perceived improvement in their melasma after microneedling, what motivated us to study a specific treatment regimen for them [ 13 ]. As it promote fibroblast proliferation and upper dermal collagenesis, microneedling can restore upper dermal and basal membrane damage in melasma, disfavouring the contact of melanocytes with dermal released melanogenic stimuli as endothelin, stem cell factor and hepatocyte growth factor [ 8 , 22 , 26 , 27 ]. Additionally, a thickener epidermis can promote additional protection against UV damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the effects of skin microneedling as adjuvant therapy for facial melasma: a pilot study

Lima

Paixão

et al. 2017

BMC Dermatol

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BackgroundMelasma is a common chronic and relapsing acquired dyschromia. Skin microneedling was reported resulting sustained long-term improvement of recalcitrant melasma, however, the exact mechanism that promotes this skin lightening is not known. This study aimed to investigate clinical and histologic alterations promoted by skin microneedling in facial melasma.MethodsOpen pilot trial including six women with facial refractory melasma submitted to two sessions of microneedling (1.5 mm) each 30 days followed by daily triple combination and broad-spectrum sunscreen. Comparison of pretreatment (T0) and 15 days after last microneedling procedure (T45) was made by standardized pictures, skin colorimetry, MASI, MELASQoL and histological parameters (haematoxylin-eosin, picrosirius-red, periodic acid Schiff and Fontana-Masson staining).ResultsThe age of the subjects varied from 34 to 46 years-old, the phototypes were III and IV (Fitzpatrick), and age of melasma onset was 20 to 38 years. Improvement of melasma was perceived in all subjects. There was a significant reduction of MASI score (−70%), MELASQoL (−55%) and increase in L* (+13%) colorimetric value (p < 0.03). All cases evidenced epithelium thickening, decrease in melanin pigmentation and densification of upper dermis collagen (p = 0.03). Patients were followed by 6 months under broad-spectrum sunscreen and triple combination without relapse.ConclusionIn addition to classic treatment (broad-spectrum sunscreen and triple combination), skin microneedling promoted clinical and histological improvement of refractory facial melasma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the effects of skin microneedling as adjuvant therapy for facial melasma: a pilot study

Lima

Paixão

et al. 2017

BMC Dermatol

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“…An immunohistochemical study of the epidermis and dermis of affected and unaffected neighboring skin found significantly increased expression of the progesterone receptor in the epidermis of affected skin [ 35 ]. There was also increased estrogen receptor protein expression in the dermis and around the blood vessels, which is currently of unknown significance [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melasma: an Up-to-Date Comprehensive Review

Ogbechie-Godec

Elbuluk

2017

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

201

186

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Melasma is a common acquired condition of symmetric hyperpigmentation, typically occurring on the face, with higher prevalence in females and darker skin types. Multiple etiologies, including light exposure, hormonal influences, and family history, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Overall prevalence ranges widely at 1–50%, since values are typically calculated within a specific ethnic population within a geographic region. Histologically, melasma can display increased epidermal and/or dermal pigmentation, enlarged melanocytes, increased melanosomes, solar elastosis, dermal blood vessels, and, occasionally, perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. Various topical, oral, and procedural therapies have been successfully used to treat melasma. Traditional topical therapies including hydroquinone, tretinoin, corticosteroids, and triple combination creams; however, other synthetic and natural topical compounds have also shown varying efficacies. Promising oral therapies for melasma include tranexamic acid, Polypodium leucotomos, and glutathione. Procedures, including chemical peels, microneedling, radiofrequency, and lasers, are also often used as primary or adjunctive treatments for melasma. Notably, combination therapies within or across treatment modalities generally result in better efficacies than monotherapies. This review serves as a comprehensive update on the current understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical and histologic features of melasma, as well as treatments for this common, yet therapeutically challenging, condition.

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“…In contrast, some other studies have failed to demonstrate significant differences in such receptors between melasma and unaffected skin . In addition, it has been demonstrated that a high expression of these receptors in melasma‐affected epidermis is not accompanied by any difference in gene expression for estrogen‐β and progesterone receptors when compared with adjacent healthy skin . This is important because although the pathogenesis of melasma is not completely understood and a hormonal influence is alleged, a main role has been attributed to sun exposure .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological findings in pregnancy associated cutaneous hyperpigmentation

et al. 2018

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Hyperpigmentation in pregnancy is a common phenomenon, experienced to some degree by up to 90% of pregnant women. It mainly involves sun-exposed areas, but it can extend to non-exposed zones. Cases with extensive hyperpigmentation are rarely reported. In this paper, we describe the case of a 30-year-old phototype V woman in her 37th week of pregnancy, who presented with brownish hyperpigmentation of the skin in extensive areas, including both axillae, the abdomen and the lowest part of the back. In the abdomen, there was a reinforcement of the hyperpigmentation through the linea nigra and the umbilicus. The hyperpigmentation affected the buttocks as well and involved the intertriginous area between them. Histopathologic analysis showed a hyperpigmented basal layer of the epidermis with no melanocytic atypia or melanocytic nests. Histochemical staining for iron did not show any deposits. Immunohistochemical studies for HMB-45, Melan A and SOX10 demonstrated an increased number of melanocytes. There was hyperpigmentation of basal layer keratinocytes. We also performed immunohistochemical stains for estrogen and progesterone receptors, which were both negative. The patient was examined 3 months after delivery, evidencing a significant clearing of the lesions.

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Gene and protein expression of oestrogen‐β and progesterone receptors in facial melasma and adjacent healthy skin in women

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Assessment of the effects of skin microneedling as adjuvant therapy for facial melasma: a pilot study

Assessment of the effects of skin microneedling as adjuvant therapy for facial melasma: a pilot study

Melasma: an Up-to-Date Comprehensive Review

Histopathological findings in pregnancy associated cutaneous hyperpigmentation

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