Gene and miRNA expression profiles of mouse Lewis lung carcinoma LLC1 cells following single or fractionated dose irradiation

Abstract

In clinical practice ionizing radiation (IR) is primarily applied to cancer treatment in the form of fractionated dose (FD) irradiation. Despite this fact, a substantially higher amount of current knowledge in the field of radiobiology comes from in vitro studies based on the cellular response to single dose (SD) irradiation. In addition, intrinsic and acquired resistance to IR remains an issue in clinical practice, leading to radiotherapy treatment failure. Numerous previous studies suggest that an improved understanding of the molecular processes involved in the radiation-induced DNA damage response to FD irradiation could improve the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Therefore, the present study examined the differential expression of genes and microRNA (miRNA) in murine Lewis lung cancer (LLC)1 cells exposed to SD or FD irradiation. The results of the present study indicated that the gene and miRNA expression profiles of LLC1 cells exposed to irradiation were dose delivery type-dependent. Data analysis also revealed that mRNAs may be regulated by miRNAs in a radiation-dependent manner, suggesting that these mRNAs and miRNAs are the potential targets in the cellular response to SD or FD irradiation. However, LLC1 tumors after FD irradiation exhibited no significant changes in the expression of selected genes and miRNAs observed in the irradiated cells in vitro, suggesting that experimental in vitro conditions, particularly the tumor microenvironment, should be considered in detail to promote the development of efficient radiotherapy approaches. Nevertheless, the present study highlights the primary signaling pathways involved in the response of murine cancer cells to irradiation. Data presented in the present study can be applied to improve the outcome and development of radiotherapy in preclinical animal model settings.

Cryptotanshinone inhibits lung cancer invasion via microRNA‑133a/matrix metalloproteinase 14 regulation

“…The current study investigated the effects of cryptotanshinone on a number of miRNAs. miRNA expression analysis was performed following 6 h of treatment, while protein expression analysis was performed following 24 h of treatment as alterations in miRNA expression levels have been reported to occur at a faster rate compared with alterations in protein expression levels (20). It was identified that the expression levels of the following miRNAs were significantly altered following treatment with cryptotanshinone: miR-30d-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-133a, miR-338-3p, miR-451a, miR-21-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-182-5p and miR-205-5p.…”

The Combinatorial Effect of Cisplatin and Moxibustion on Tumor Growth Inhibition with Special Reference to Modulation of the Immune Microenvironment in Lewis Lung Cancer Mice

“…After the mice had been acclimated for one week, 1 × 10 5 LLC cells resuspended in 0.1 mL phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were subcutaneously implanted into the right groin [ 16 ]. Tumor dimensions were measured by digital calipers at days 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 ( Figure 1(a) ), and the tumor volume (mm 3 ) was calculated as follows: (length × width 2 )/2 [ 17 ].…”

Priming the Abscopal Effect Using Multifunctional Smart Radiotherapy Biomaterials Loaded with Immunoadjuvants

“…Brachytherapy needles were purchased from IZI Medical Products (MD, USA) for the intra-tumoral administration of the SRBs. The lung (LLC1) mouse cancer cells (ATCC, USA) were cultured based on standard reported protocols ( 19 ). The monoclonal antibody anti-mouse CD40 (FGK4.5/FGK45) was bought from BioXcell (New-Hampshire, USA).…”

“…to serve as multifunctional SRBs. These SRBs can help ensure geometric accuracy during treatment, but also deliver immunoadjuvants to boost the abscopal response ( 18 , 19 ), all at no additional inconvenience to cancer patients ( 2 , 8 , 13 ).…”