Gene and haplotype polymorphisms of the Prion gene (PRNP) in Japanese Brown, Japanese native and Holstein cattle

Abstract

Polymorphisms in the prion protein gene (PRNP) are known to be associated with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in human, sheep and goats. There is tentative association between PRNP promoter polymorphism and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) susceptibility in cattle. In this study, we genotyped for six bovine PRNP polymorphic sites including a 23-bp indel in the promoter, a 12-bp indel in the intron 1, two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), octapeptide repeats in the coding region and a 14-bp indel in the 3'-untranslated region in 178 animals representing Japanese Brown, Kuchinoshima feral, Mishima, Japanese Shorthorn and Holstein. In 64 Japanese Brown cattle, three indel sites were polymorphic. All of the six sites were monomorphic in Kuchinoshima. The 23-bp and 12-bp indel sites were polymorphic in Mishima cattle. The 23-bp and 14-bp indel sites were polymorphic in Japanese Shorthorn cattle. Both SNP sites were monomorphic in all cattle examined in this study. At the 23-bp indel site, the genotype frequencies of Japanese Brown and Holstein breeds were similar to that of BSE affected cattle. We estimated 12 different haplotypes from these genotypic data. A '23-12-K6S14+' haplotype was the major haplotype in all populations, whose frequencies ranged from 0.50 to 1.00.

Allele Distributions and Frequencies of the Six Prion Protein Gene (PRNP) Polymorphisms in Asian Native Cattle, Japanese Breeds, and Mythun (Bos frontalis)

“…In addition, the genotype distribution for the 23-bp indel site in all populations except mythun and Japanese Shorthorn did not differ statistically from that of cattle with BSE in Germany . As for the octapeptide repeat units, our results are similar to those reported in earlier studies in both Japan and abroad Nakamitsu et al 2006;Msalya et al 2009). The PrP with a lower number of octa/nona-peptide repeats appeared in increased numbers in Japanese Black, Mongolia native cattle, MCC, and mythun.…”

“…The frequencies of the haplotypes with an insertion at both the 23 and 12 bp loci were 13.3-35.5% in Asian native cattle, 0.0-37.5% in Japanese breeds, and 58.4-63.6% in MCC and mythun (Table 3). Haplotypes containing the 23-bp insertion and 12-bp deletion have been reported only by Msalya et al (2009) and were estimated with low frequencies in 1-2% of Asian native cattle, except Mongolian, 9% of mythun, and 16.6% of MCC (Table 3). These haplotypes were not estimated in Mongolian native cattle and Japanese breeds.…”

The evaluation of 23-bp and 12-bp insertion/deletion within the PRNP gene and their effects on growth traits in healthy Chinese native cattle breeds

“…Based on bovine PRNP gene sequence (AC 000170.1), two indels were identified using the following known primers (23-bpindel-foward: (Msalya et al 2009). The 25 µL polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification volume contained 50 ng of genomic DNA, 0.5 µmol/L of each primer, 1 × buffer (including 1.5 mmol/L MgCl 2 ), 200 µmol/L dNTPs (dATP, dTTP, dCTP and dGTP) and 0.625 units of Taq DNA polymerase (MBI, Vilnius, Lithuania).…”

“…To date, frequencies of above-mentioned polymorphisms have been reported in cattle in USA (Seabury et al 2004;Heaton et al 2008), Polish Black-andWhite cattle artificial insemination (AI) sires (Walawski and Czarnik 2003), Japanese brown cattle (Nakamura et al 2007;Msalya et al 2009), Asian native cattle , Iranian Holstein cattle (Roshanfekr and Farid 2013), BSE affected cattle (Sander et al 2004;Gurgul et al 2012) and others. In China, polymorphisms of PRNP have never been reported in Xia'nan, Pi'nan, Ji'an and Qinchuan indigenous cattle among others.…”

South-East Asia Bovine Populations and The Japanese Cattle Breeds do not Harbour The E211K Variant of The PRNP

“…Some of these animals were analyzed for PRNP polymorphisms at six different loci by Shimogiri et al (2010). The genomic DNA was obtained as we described previously (Msalya et al, 2009). Primers and restriction enzyme were designed from available sequences (accession number EU557971) by dCaps Finder 2.0 Output and Primer 3 output online (Rozen and Skaletsky, 2000).…”