Gendered Racism and Mental Health among Young Adult U.S. Black Women: The Moderating Roles of Gendered Racial Identity Centrality and Identity Shifting

Jones, Maria S.; Womack, Veronica Y.; Jérémie-Brink, Gihane; Dickens, Danielle D.

doi:10.1007/s11199-020-01214-1

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This could be due to the fact that the ISBWS explores additional aspects of shifting, such as altering speech, perceptions, appearance, and behaviors. Our finding also supports existing research on the link between identity shifting and anxiety in Black women (Jones & Shorter-Gooden, 2004; Jones et al, 2021). Though some studies have found that there are benefits to engaging in shifting (Dickens & Chavez, 2018; Johnson et al, 2016), some Black women may feel pressured to shift as a type of anticipatory coping strategy or to minimize adverse outcomes associated with discrimination (Hill & Hoggard, 2018), which could consequently lead to higher levels of anxiety.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Given that the GRMS was related to the general factor and well-defined Factor 2, perhaps this non-significant finding is the result of measurement issues with Factor 1 and the fact that its items do not account for unique variance beyond general identity shifting. Moreover, although previous research has demonstrated a positive link between experiences of gendered racism and shifting (Jones et al, 2021), perhaps there are differences regarding if and how women shift is based on if they experience more blatant forms of discrimination (e.g., gendered racism) versus more subtle forms of discrimination (e.g., gendered racial microaggressions). Nevertheless, these findings highlight the need for more research on the relations between gendered racial microaggressions and shifting among Black women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The ISBWS general factor was not related to any AAWSS dimensions. Further, given that research suggests that Black women engage in identity shifting to circumvent the consequences of gendered racism (Jones et al, 2021), we expected our scale to positively relate to gendered racial microaggressions. This hypothesis was partially supported.…”

Section: Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Black women, identity shifting appears to be an important aspect of their gendered racial identity development, and it is often used to avoid conflict or discrimination (Williams & Lewis, 2021). Unfortunately, identity shifting has contributed to deleterious consequences for Black women, such as stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms (Gamst et al, 2020; Jones et al, 2021). Because identity shifting may entail embodying strategies that are inconsistent with or impede authentic self-expression, Black women may experience psychological discomfort and anxiety when engaging in identity shifting (Dickens & Chavez, 2018; Swann et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initial Construction and Validation of the Identity Shifting for Black Women Scale

Dickens

Hall

Watson‐Singleton

et al. 2022

Psychology of Women Quarterly

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In this study, we aimed to develop and validate the Identity Shifting for Black Women Scale (ISBWS), which assesses the process of altering one’s speech, perceptions, behaviors, and appearance to navigate experiences of discrimination and to enhance intraracial relationships. In Study 1, data from 356 Black women in the United States were used for exploratory factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis results supported a 15-item, two-factor solution that captured the following domains: (a) Navigating Gendered Racial Oppressive Contexts and (b) Enhancing Intraracial Relationships. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analyses were performed with data from 289 United States Black women. Confirmatory factor analyses tested a unidimensional correlated traits model, a two-factor correlated traits model, and a bifactor model. The bifactor model provided optimal fit, and internal consistency estimates for scores on the ISBWS subscales were good. The ISBWS’ construct validity was supported given its association with related measures of shifting and gendered racial microaggressions. The ISBWS also accounted for additional variance in Black women’s anxiety symptoms over and above an existing shifting measure. Our findings support the added value of the ISBWS in understanding Black women’s multifaceted experiences and can be used to inform interventions aimed to maximize the benefits and reduce the costs of shifting among Black women.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initial Construction and Validation of the Identity Shifting for Black Women Scale

Dickens

Hall

Watson‐Singleton

et al. 2022

Psychology of Women Quarterly

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gendered racism consists of race-based prejudice, harassment, and violence experienced by Black American women (Szymanski & Stewart, 2010). These intersecting oppressive actions create chronic psychological stress which relates to negative mental health outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and anxiety (Jones et al, 2021; Lewis et al, 2017; Spates et al, 2020; Williams & Lewis, 2019). Davis (1983) added that while many women face gender oppression in the home, Black American women face household concerns alongside gender oppression in the workplace, a space they occupied long before the women’s liberation movement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Black Feminist Theory and Methods to Uncover Best Practices in Health Promotion Programming

et al. 2021

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This study was created to uncover the social determinants of Black American women’s success in health promotion programs. We used the Superwoman Schema to understand the complexities of Black womanhood and uncover best practices in the promotion of their health. The sample consisted of women ages 18–25 who attend a large southern HBCU. We collected data using qualitative focus groups. Participants reported the greatest health-related concerns Black American women facing are mental health, obesity, and relationships with Black men. When it comes to health promotion programs, respondents reported a desire for classes that are fun, interactive, informative, educational, and include group interaction, accessible, and incentivize participation. Uncovering the social determinants of Black American women’s health and program success is central in decreasing extant health disparities. Future health scholars are urged to incorporate Black feminist theory and methods into their work to create health promotion interventions tailored for Black women.

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Contextualizing black emerging adults' perceptions of neighborhood quality

Fike,

Mattis

2023

American J of Comm Psychol

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The ways in which Black emerging adults perceive and evaluate their neighborhoods may be impacted by a host of social and political factors that interplay with their social identities, the social identities of other urban residents, and their time in the area. Early literature on Black emerging adults' perceived neighborhood quality (PNQ) tended to make comparisons to White people and to focus disproportionately on the perceptions of low‐income Black people residing in predominately racial/ethnic minority and underresourced communities. Subsequent work on subjective neighborhood assessment has considered specific features of neighborhoods, such as safety or disorder, but a general sense of the quality of one's neighborhood features is still underexplored. The current study adapts Connerly and Marans' (1985) PNQ model to explore the relations between social identities and locations, neighborhood sociostructural features, time in the area, and PNQ among Black urban‐residing emerging adults. Block‐wise regression results suggest that education and partner status were associated with PNQ. Perceptions of the percentage of Black neighbors and Census Bureau proportions of residents in the zip code who are poor were also associated with PNQ. Length of residence in the neighborhood was marginally associated with PNQ while length of residence in the city/town was not significantly associated with PNQ. For young Black women, combined household income was marginally associated with PNQ, but neighborhood sociostructural features were the strongest contributors to PNQ. In contrast, education was the only significant contributor to PNQ for young Black men. We discuss the ways that the social positions of young Black residents and their neighbors may impact their experiences and evaluations of urban areas.

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Gendered Racism and Mental Health among Young Adult U.S. Black Women: The Moderating Roles of Gendered Racial Identity Centrality and Identity Shifting

Cited by 34 publications

References 48 publications

Initial Construction and Validation of the Identity Shifting for Black Women Scale

Initial Construction and Validation of the Identity Shifting for Black Women Scale

Using Black Feminist Theory and Methods to Uncover Best Practices in Health Promotion Programming

Contextualizing black emerging adults' perceptions of neighborhood quality

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