Gender-specific risk factors for mortality associated with incident coronary heart disease—A prospective community-based study

Jaarsveld, Cornelia H M van; Ranchor, Adelita V.; Kempen, Gertrudis I. J. M.; Coyne, James C.; Veldhuisen, Dirk J. van; Ormel, Johan; Sanderman, Robbert

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.06.010

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…6, 7, 9, 11, 13–18, 20–24, 27, 30, 31, 35–37, 39–44 The other 12 studies either included sex as a covariate or evaluated it in secondary analyses. We found significant heterogeneity across studies in study design, patient inclusion criteria, follow-up, and covariates, which are summarized in Supplementary Table S2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two found significant interactions, 9, 27 two reported borderline significant interactions, 36, 43 and four found no interaction. 30, 38, 42, 44 However, it is important to note that three of the studies reporting nonsignificant interactions restricted their samples to patients within certain age ranges, and thus may not have been equipped to detect an age interaction. 30, 38, 42 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Differences in Long-Term Mortality After Myocardial Infarction

et al. 2014

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Background Studies of sex differences in long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have reported mixed results. A systematic review is needed to characterize what is known about sex differences in long-term outcomes and to define gaps in knowledge. Methods and Results We searched the Medline database from 1966 to December 2012 to identify all studies that provided sex-based comparisons of mortality after AMI. Only studies with at least five years of follow-up were reviewed. Of the 1,877 identified abstracts, 52 studies met inclusion criteria, of which 39 were included in this review. Most studies included less than one-third women. There was significant heterogeneity across studies in patient populations, methodology, and risk adjustment, which produced substantial variability in risk estimates. In general, most studies reported higher unadjusted mortality for women compared with men at both 5 and 10 years after AMI; however, many of the differences in mortality became attenuated after adjustment for age. Multivariable models varied between studies; however, most reported a further reduction in sex differences after adjustment for covariates other than age. Few studies examined sex-by-age interactions; however several studies reported interactions between sex and treatment, whereby women have similar mortality risk as men after revascularization. Conclusions Sex differences in long-term mortality after AMI are largely explained by differences in age, comorbidities, and treatment utilization between women and men. Future research should aim to clarify how these differences in risk factors and presentation contribute to the sex gap in mortality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Long-Term Mortality After Myocardial Infarction

et al. 2014

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“…As can be expected in patients who suffer from a chronic disease, the quality of life of HF patients is more impaired than the quality of life of the general population (6) and than that of the healthy elderly population (7). However, HF seems to affect the quality of life patients dramatically, since their quality of life is described the lowest compared with patients with other chronic disorders (3,7).…”

Section: Quality Of Life and Symptoms Of Depression In Heart Failure mentioning

confidence: 97%

Quality of life and symptoms of depression in advanced heart failure patients and their partners

Jaarsma

Johansson

Ågren

et al. 2010

Current Opinion in Supportive &Amp; Palliative Care

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2 Purpose of reviewTo provide an overview of factors related to quality of life and symptoms of depression in heart failure patients and their partners. Furthermore, to give an overview of interventions that can be effective in improving their quality of life and decrease depressive symptoms. Recent findingsQuality of life of patients with heart failure and their partners is poor compared to their age-matched peers from the general population and also compared to patients suffering from other chronic diseases. Furthermore, a considerable amount of heart failure patients is depressed. Depressive symptoms of patients and of their partners seemed to be interrelated, making interventions complicated but needed.Although the number of studies that specifically target improvement of quality of life and depression in heart failure patients and their partners is still small, several interventions are known to improve quality of life and these could be implemented in daily care. SummaryThis review considers demographic and clinical factor that are related to quality of life and depressive symptoms and addresses interventions that can contribute to improvement of quality of life of heart failure patients and their partners and decrease depressive symptoms.Education on self-care management and physical exercise are important to include in a disease management program. A multidisciplinary care approach including optimizing medical therapy and optimal symptom management is advised, focusing both on the patient and the caregiver. Treatment and care should not only focus on heart failure, but also address the consequences of co-morbidities and consequences of symptoms and therapies.

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“…Although many sex differences in the development and course of CVD have been described,11,12 it is not clear whether the effects of psychosocial factors on CVD risk and outcomes differ between men and women. Generally, studies have not been designed to address this issue or are limited by the low numbers of female participants, particularly with respect to post-AMI mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living Alone, Patient Sex and Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction

et al. 2007

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BACKGROUND: Psychosocial factors, including social support, affect outcomes of cardiovascular disease, but can be difficult to measure. Whether these factors have different effects on mortality post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in men and women is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between living alone, a proxy for social support, and mortality postdischarge AMI and to explore whether this association is modified by patient sex.DESIGN: Historical cohort study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING:All patients discharged with a primary diagnosis of AMI in a major urban center during the 1998-1999 fiscal year. MEASUREMENTS:Patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were obtained by standardized chart review and linked to vital statistics data through December 2001. RESULTS:Of 880 patients, 164 (18.6%) were living alone at admission and they were significantly more likely to be older and female than those living with others. Living alone was independently associated with mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-2.5], but interacted with patient sex. Men living alone had the highest mortality risk (adjusted HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.7), followed by women living alone (adjusted HR 1.2, 95% CI 0.7-2.2), men living with others (reference, HR 1.0), and women living with others (adjusted HR 0.9, 95% CI 0.5-1.5). CONCLUSIONS:Living alone, an easily measured psychosocial factor, is associated with significantly increased longer-term mortality for men following AMI. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of living alone as a prognostic factor and to identify the potentially modifiable mechanisms underlying this increased risk.

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Gender-specific risk factors for mortality associated with incident coronary heart disease—A prospective community-based study

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Sex Differences in Long-Term Mortality After Myocardial Infarction

Sex Differences in Long-Term Mortality After Myocardial Infarction

Quality of life and symptoms of depression in advanced heart failure patients and their partners

Living Alone, Patient Sex and Mortality After Acute Myocardial Infarction

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