“…Despite an early similar degree of interest as males, females perceive greater gender-based barriers to full development of a gastroenterology career as early as during their internal medicine residency ( Advani et al, 2022 ). Barriers include family planning (such as concerns regarding fertility and radiation exposure, which impact subspecialties like advanced endoscopy), future work-life balance (stress, burnout), workplace hostility (less salary, less respect, unfair treatment), and perceived lack of female mentors/role models/sponsors leading to feeling “a lack of success,” which perpetuates further underrepresentation of women ( Chua et al, 2021 ; Jamorabo et al, 2021 ; Advani et al, 2022 ; Rabinowitz, 2022 ).…”