Gender, Social Norms, and Household Production in Burkina Faso

Kazianga, Harounan; Wahhaj, Zaki

doi:10.1086/669258

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The household-level distributions, for both subsamples, lie between the village-level and individual-level distributions. This is consistent with the findings by Udry (1996) and Kazianga and Wahhaj (2013) and implies that the household is more efficient than the village at allocating resources across farm plots that belong to the group, but not as efficient as the individual.…”

Section: Plot Yield Dispersionssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The gender difference in plot yields has been noted in the previous literature, with potential explanations provided by Goldstein and Udry (2008) and Kazianga and Wahhaj (2013). However, the gap between extended family and nuclear family households is just as striking.…”

Section: Household Agricultural Productionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In particular, it implies that farm yields and labour intensity across plots owned by the same household should be independent of the household member to whom the plot is assigned, and forms the basis of the test of the Collective Household Model used by Udry (1996), and subsequently by Goldstein and Udry (2008), Kazianga and Wahhaj (2013), and .…”

Section: Collective Household Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we can test for efficiency in labour allocation across farm plots belonging to the same household by using a specification similar to (27) (see Kazianga and Wahhaj 2013). Given the patterns in farm plot yields highlighted in the previous section, we would expect labour use intensity (total labour per unit area) across farm plots to be more uniform in the case of nuclear family households than for extended family households.…”

Section: Allocation Of Labour Across Farm Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agricultural households in Burkina Faso provide an interesting setting for exploring the topic because of the diversity of family ties that exist within the same household (discussed in Section 4) and the practice of assigning farm plots, individually, to adult household members for which they control production choices, as well as the proceeds of farm output (Udry, 1996). Besides these 'private' plots, the household farms on one or more 'collective' plots, under the management of the household head (Kazianga and Wahhaj, 2013). According to a social norm, each able household member is expected to contribute some labour to the 'collective farm' and the head is expected to use its proceeds for expenditures on household public goods (Hammond 1966;Fiske 1991;Lallemand 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-Household Resource Allocation and Familial Ties

Kazianga

Wahhaj

2016

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the link between intra-household resource allocation and familial ties between household members. We show that, within the same geographic, economic and social environments, households where members have 'stronger' familial ties (e.g. a nuclear family household) achieve near Pareto efficient allocation of productive resources and Pareto efficient allocation of consumption while households with 'weaker' familial ties (e.g. an extended family household) do not. We propose a theoretical model of the household based on the idea that altruism between household members vary with familial ties which generates predictions consistent with the observed empirical patterns. Non-Technical SummaryThe question as to how resources are allocated within households has long been of interest to economists. Particularly in societies where state support and market institutions are weak, the household remains an important unit of production, and investment in the human capital of children.The two theories of intra-household allocation that have received the most attention in the academic literature and tested most frequently using household data are the Unitary Model and the Collective Model. The Unitary Model, which postulates that the household behaves as if it were a single individual, has been consistently rejected by empirical evidence. On the other hand, tests of the Collective Model, which postulates that household members with conflicting preferences are able to achieve Pareto efficient outcomes, have yielded mixed results --not rejected for labour supply decisions in developed countries or consumption decisions in developing countries, but commonly rejected for production in African households.In this paper we investigate intra-household resource allocation in rural Burkina Faso and show that, within the same geographic, economic and social environment nuclear-family households achieve near Pareto efficiency in allocating productive resources and Pareto efficient allocation of consumption, while extended-family households do not.We propose a theory where household members with closer familial ties exhibit higher levels of altruism towards each other, which in turn motivate them to make intra-household transfers close to that required for efficiency. The theory predicts that household members who share a nuclear family tie (as opposed to an extended-family tie or no family ties) should contribute higher ...

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Section: Plot Yield Dispersionssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Household Agricultural Productionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Collective Household Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Allocation Of Labour Across Farm Plotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-Household Resource Allocation and Familial Ties

Kazianga

Wahhaj

2016

SSRN Journal

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Small farms in North Carolina, United States: Analyzing farm and operator characteristics in the pursuit of economic resilience and sustainability

Quaicoe

Asiseh

Baffoe-Bonnie

et al. 2023

Applied Eco Perspectives Pol

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Ensuring the sustainability of small farms relies on understanding farm economics, a crucial yet often overlooked aspect. In North Carolina, many small farms are confronted with financial challenges and the risk of collapse. This study examines the factors that influence farm profitability while considering the intersectionality of race and gender. The findings reveal significant disparities in farm and operator characteristics. Specifically, first‐generation and retiree farmers exhibit a lower likelihood of profitability. Conversely, factors positively associated with profitability include owning larger farm acreage, engaging in commercial agricultural production, utilizing paid family labor, practicing full‐time farming, and being a non‐White minority farmer. To foster the sustainability of small farms, it is imperative to implement policies that support full‐time farming and incentivize the use of paid family labor. These measures can contribute to bolstering profitability and safeguarding the economic viability of small farms.

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Intra-household management of resources: evidence from Malawi

Josephson

2024

Rev Econ Household

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Gender, Social Norms, and Household Production in Burkina Faso

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Intra-Household Resource Allocation and Familial Ties

Intra-Household Resource Allocation and Familial Ties

Small farms in North Carolina, United States: Analyzing farm and operator characteristics in the pursuit of economic resilience and sustainability

Intra-household management of resources: evidence from Malawi

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