Gender, Science, and Occupational Sex Segregation

Frehill, Lisa M.; Abreu, Alice Rangel de Paiva; Zippel, Kathrin

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08629-3_3

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Because young people often do not know in advance what they will love doing, they may attempt to follow their passions by drawing on stereotypes about what same-gendered others love and are good at. Girls may, for example, expect to enjoy work they think is more people oriented and emotionally rewarding, and they may steer clear of pursuits they think require masculine traits and aptitudes, such as the solitary science careers depicted in Western popular culture (Colatrella 2011;Goldman and Penner 2016;Nosek et al 2002;Frehill, Abreu, and Zippel 2015). 14 As a result, career aspirations may be more strongly influenced by essentialist gender stereotypes in societies where occupational choice represents a vehicle for self-expression.…”

Section: The Cultural Pull Of Mars and Venusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venus, Mars, and Math: Gender, Societal Affluence, and Eighth Graders’ Aspirations for STEM

Charles

2017

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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The author explores how the gender gap in aspirations for scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematical (STEM) work changes with societal affluence. Over-time data on cohorts of eighth graders in 32 countries reveal that aspirations for mathematically related work become more gender differentiated as societal affluence grows. This relationship holds controlling for students’ social class backgrounds, mathematical achievement, and affinity for school, and it is not explained by cross-national differences in the economic integration of women, gender stereotyping of science, or Internet access. Observed patterns of gender segregation reflect more than just women’s greater freedom to indulge tastes for non-STEM work in affluent societies; tastes are themselves more gendered in these contexts.

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Section: The Cultural Pull Of Mars and Venusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venus, Mars, and Math: Gender, Societal Affluence, and Eighth Graders’ Aspirations for STEM

Charles

2017

Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World

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“…Segregation/valuative mechanisms.-A more commonly noted and robust finding in the gender pay-gap literature is that the gap is related to occupational segregation; men and women occupy different jobs, and men's work pays better even net of human capital (e.g., Reskin and Roos 1990;England 1992; in science, see Leahey 2007;Broyles 2009;Frehill, Abreu, and Zippel 2015). Valuative discrimination is a concept that includes the idea that a lower value is placed on jobs typically held by women (Petersen and Saporta 2004).…”

Section: What Kinds Of Organizational Variation In Inequality Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Pay Gaps in U.S. Federal Science Agencies: An Organizational Approach

Smith‐Doerr

Alegria

Fealing

et al. 2019

American Journal of Sociology

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This study advances understanding of gender pay gaps by examining organizational variation. The gender pay gap literature supplies mechanisms but does not attend to organizational variation; the gender and science literature provides insights on the role of masculinist culture in disciplines but misses pay gap mechanisms. A data set of federal workers allows comparison of men and women in the same jobs and workplaces. Agencies associated with traditionally masculine (engineering, physical sciences) and gender-neutral (biological, interdisciplinary sciences) fields differ. Pay-gap mechanisms vary: human capital differences explain a larger share in gender-neutral agencies, while at male-typed agencies men are frequently paid more than women within the same job. Although beyond the federal workers' standardized pay scale, some interdisciplinary agencies more often pay men off grade, leading to higher earnings for men. Our theory of organizational variation helps explain local agency variation and how pay practices matter in specific organizational contexts. 1 We are grateful for feedback from colleagues at our institutions on various drafts of this article and to colleagues who commented on draft versions presented at the annual American

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The reverse engagement gap: gender differences in external engagement among UK academics

Lawson

Salter

2023

Studies in Higher Education

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Gender, Science, and Occupational Sex Segregation

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Venus, Mars, and Math: Gender, Societal Affluence, and Eighth Graders’ Aspirations for STEM

Venus, Mars, and Math: Gender, Societal Affluence, and Eighth Graders’ Aspirations for STEM

Gender Pay Gaps in U.S. Federal Science Agencies: An Organizational Approach

The reverse engagement gap: gender differences in external engagement among UK academics

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