Gender representation in the public sector schools textbooks of Pakistan

Ullah, Hazir; Skelton, Christine

doi:10.1080/03055698.2012.702892

Cited by 88 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Indeed, gender segregation and male dominance can be noted in different mediums in Pakistan including public sector school textbooks [30], and has been a cause of diffuclty for women in the work place. The family structure is also typically hierarchical with strict roles defined in terms of age and gender, prioritizing the interrelatedness of family members as opposed to individual autonomy [31].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of consensual stereotypes in moral foundations: A gender analysis

2020

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The current study explored the accuracy of consensual moral stereotypes that women and men hold about each other, as well as whether the gender differences in morality found in previous literature replicate on a sample of Pakistani individuals. A sample of 300 was used with an equal number of men and women. Data from 50 of the respondents was collected online, whereas the rest was collected in person from universities. The 30-item Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ30) was used as a measure of five Moral Foundations, which are the basic elements of moral psychology as posited by Moral Foundations Theory. Men and women answered the questionnaire for themselves and then a second time, according to their perception of how a typical member of the other gender would respond which gave a measure of their stereotype. Comparison of actual scores of men and women revealed a statistically significant difference where women scored higher than men on the Harm foundation (p = 0.001). All other foundations, except for the Authority foundation showed the same pattern of differences as the previous literature, although they did not reach statistical significance. Stereotypes about men held by women were inaccurate underestimations on the Harm and Fairness foundations. The stereotype about women, held by men, was accurate on the Fairness foundation and inaccurate on the Authority foundation in the direction of underestimation. This research serves to further the study of Moral Foundations Theory as well as exploring the reasons behind the inaccurate moral stereotypes that men and women hold about each other, and actual gender differences in morality. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Niazi F, Inam A, Akhtar Z (2020) Accuracy of consensual stereotypes in moral foundations: A gender analysis. PLoS ONE 15(3): e0229926.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of consensual stereotypes in moral foundations: A gender analysis

2020

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“…Women" participation in this political sit-in is to be taken as a historic event in a traditional society like Pakistan where institutionalized norms of exclusion and marginalization restrict women only in homes (Ullah & Skelton, 2012). Traveling across the country, belonging to different socio-economic groups, speaking different languages, representing various ethnic identities but standing up for single cause to voice their issues and revamping of the system was very noticeable.…”

Section: Creation Of Transformative Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protest, Transformation of the Public Sphere and Notions of Femininity; Women Experiences in Pakistan

Ahmad

Yousaf

Bilal

2020

ojs

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This research analyzes women’s participation in a sit-in organized by a mainstream political party, Pakistan Awami Tehreek (PAT) in the capital territory of Pakistan. This sit-in continued for 86 days. Taking theoretical insights from Jurgen Habermas and Max Weber, this study looks at women’s experiences during the sit-in. The research discusses how the women transformed this ‘political sit-in’ into the public sphere and created alternative discursive space/s to looked into/evaluate their social, cultural, economic and political conditions and voiced their narratives into the present masculine/ patriarchal political structure of Pakistan. Interpretivist’ epistemology was a guiding methodological application for this research. The data come from 10 women participants. The thematic analysis helps the interpretation. Findings reveal that women exercised their agency as their religious duty, which in turn enabled them to develop their feminine social capital. Women transformed political sit-in into a distinct political space and challenged the traditional notions of Pakistani femininity. They lived in an open space for 86 days without their families, mostly taking decisions at their own, chanting anti-government slogans, having clashes with police, getting married and giving birth. Media facilitated projection, visibility and public support. Women’ commitment to the change disrupted dominant stereotypes about women, their role and voice in Pakistan. Charismatic leadership instrumentalized religious teachings for persuading participants and the advancement of the political agenda of socio-political change in Pakistan.

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“…These include the occupational roles and activities associated with a specific gender. Research on educational material has uncovered a persistent distributional pattern where men have consistently enjoyed higher profile occupations and women lower status occupations (Litosseliti, 2006;Ullah & Skelton, 2013;Hall, 2014).…”

Section: Gender Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children, Gender and School Curricula in Saudi Arabia

Ghalib

2017

IJEL

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The present study investigates the effect of gender representation in Saudi Arabian school curricula on children's value systems and social character. In particular, the study examines gender distribution in first-grade school textbooks in Saudi Arabia where schooling, and education at large, is single-sex throughout. The data for the study is constituted by six textbooks prescribed for the first school semester at boys' and girls' schools. The study attempts a content analysis of the texts and illustrations in these textbooks in order to examine the representation, indeed construction, for the children of society and the stereotypical social roles of its members. Analysis reveals a gendered representation. Women suffer low visual and verbal visibility, and are almost completely denied occupations. Moreover, social activity is segregated by gender, with women appearing mostly in indoor activities and men in outdoor activities. The paper concludes by revisiting these findings against the backcloth of the idiosyncratic religious and cultural character of the Saudi society in which gender differences are normalized.

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Gender representation in the public sector schools textbooks of Pakistan

Cited by 88 publications

References 11 publications

Accuracy of consensual stereotypes in moral foundations: A gender analysis

Accuracy of consensual stereotypes in moral foundations: A gender analysis

The Protest, Transformation of the Public Sphere and Notions of Femininity; Women Experiences in Pakistan

Children, Gender and School Curricula in Saudi Arabia

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