Gender, representation, and power in San ethnography and rock art

Solomon, Anne

doi:10.1016/0278-4165(92)90011-y

Cited by 69 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is merely argued that concepts relating to [;ertility can be identified in the motifs and the associated world-view within which these paintings were produced. There is also evidence suggesting that the relationship between rock art and fertility was not restricted to Bantuspeaking agriculturists but also occurred among hunter-gatherers and people of Khoisan derivation (Ten Raa 1971Solomon 1992). However, these relationships probably only apply to those groups where less emphasis was placed on cattle keeping (Campbell 1959), where women had some social and ritual status, where there was some emphasis on hunting as an economic strategy, and where the latter was associated with sexual imagery.…”

Section: Coherence Of the Fingerpaintingsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Expressions of fertility in the rock art of Bantu-speaking agriculturists

Prins¹,

Hall²

1994

Afr Archaeol Rev

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This paper presents an overview of the 'Late White' rock paintings of south-central and southern Africa. It is argued that the most recent paintings were produced by matrilineal or bilateral Bantu-speaking agriculturists, although links with earlier hunter-gatherer groups are also implied. It is noted that certain motifs reoccur over great geographical distances. Ethnographic data are used in order to suggest a possible meaning for these motifs and for the paintings in general. It is argued that many of these paintings embody conceptual associations linking them to fertility. A general outline of the most obvious associations is presented, and a plea is made for detailed regional surveys in order to explain temporal and spatial differences. R~sum~Cet article prrsente une vue d'ensemble sur les peintures rupestres 'Late White' d'Afrique australe et du sud de l'Afrique centrale. I1 drfend l'idre que les peintures les plus rrcentes ont 6t6 produites par des agriculteurs matrilinraires ou bilatrraux parlant le bantou, tout en supposant des rapports avec des groupes plus anciens vivant de la chasse et de la cueillette. On remarque que certains motifs rfapparaissent .~ de grandes distances g6ogra-phiques. L'article s'appuie sur des donnres ethnographiques pour suggrrer une signification possible h ces motifs ainsi qu'aux peintures en grnrral. II drmontre que nombreuses de ces peintures repr6sentent des associations conceptuelles les associant ~ la fertilit& Un aper~;u g~ndral des associations les plus ~videntes est present6 et les auteurs demandent que des 6tudes rrgionales drtaill6es soient effectu6es afin d'expliquer les diffrrences temporelles et spatiales.

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Section: Coherence Of the Fingerpaintingsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Expressions of fertility in the rock art of Bantu-speaking agriculturists

Prins¹,

Hall²

1994

Afr Archaeol Rev

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“…J. Deacon 1986; Lewis-Williams and Dowson 1989), and the negotiation of power and gender in past social relations (e.g. Mazel 1989;Wadley 1989a;Solomon 1992).…”

Section: Historical Perspectives From Settler Colony To Apartheid Statementioning

confidence: 98%

Teaching Archaeological Pasts in South Africa: Historical and Contemporary Considerations of Archaeological Education

King

2012

Arch

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________________________________________________________________This paper discusses the history and trending of archaeological education in South Africa, a set of frameworks wherein primary and secondary level students instrumentalize archaeology to investigate and debate their pasts. Archaeological education has existed thus far as a conversation among archaeologists and a footnote in the national curriculum. I present the first cohesive treatment of these projects. I examine attendant conflicts and obstacles, drawn partly from my involvement in two South African projects but illustrating issues that I believe have global resonance. I submit that archaeological education entails engagements that hold serious ramifications for archaeological ethics, practice, and epistemology. ________________________________________________________________Résumé: Cette article discute l'histoire et les tendances de l'enseignement de l'archéologie en Afrique du Sud, ainsi qu'un nombre de cadres au sein desquels les élèves du primaire et du secondaire utilisent l'archéologie comme un outil pour découvrir et débattre de leur passé. Jusqu'à présent, l'enseignement de l'archéologie n'a fait l'objet de discussions qu'entre archéologues et n'a constitué qu'un point tout à fait marginal dans les programmes d'enseignement nationaux. Je présente ici le premier traitement systématique de ces projets. J'examine les conflits et les obstacles relatifs à ces projets, tirés en partie de mon engagement personnel au sein de deux programmes sud-africains spécifiques, mais qui, je pense, illustrent des problèmes existant à l'échelle mondiale. J'avance que l'enseignement de l'archéologie a des implications en termes d'engagement qui ont des ramifications sérieuses pour l'éthique, la pratique, et l'épistémologie de la discipline. ________________________________________________________________Resumen: El presente documento trata de la historia y tendencias de la educació n arqueoló gica en Sudáfrica, un conjunto de marcos en los que los estudiantes de nivel primario y secundario instrumentalizan la arqueología para investigar y debatir sus pasados. La educació n arqueoló gica ha existido hasta ahora como una conversació n entre arqueó logos y como una nota a pie de página en el plan de estudios nacional. Presento el primer tratamiento cohesivo de estos proyectos. Examino los conflictos y obstáculos que conlleva, extraídos parcialmente de mi implicació n en dos proyectos sudafricanos pero ilustrando cuestiones que creo que tienen una resonancia mundial. Sostengo que la educació n arqueoló gica conlleva compromisos que poseen serias ramificaciones para la ética, la práctica y la epistemología arqueoló gicas. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ KEY WORDSArchaeology, Education, South Africa, Ethical practice _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ There is alwa...

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“…Rather, they are exploring a range of theoretical positions, such as gender relations (e.g., Solomon, 1992Solomon, , 1994Stevenson, 2000;Hays-Gilpin, 2004), studies of the body and embodiment (Blundell, 2004), landscape perspectives (e.g., Blundell, 2004, LensenErz, 2004;Taçon and Ouzman, 2004;Ouzman, 1998), and San ethno-ethology on the understanding that the San used animal behaviour as a source of natural models (Whitley, 1994) for ways of talking about social and religious issues (e.g., Lewis-Williams, 1981;Hollmann, 2001Hollmann, , 2002Hollmann, , 2003Mazel, 1983;Mguni, 2002Mguni, , 2004Thackeray, 1983Thackeray, , 1994Thackeray, , 2005.…”

Section: Twenty-first Century Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Theory, Method and Technique in Southern African Rock Art Research

Lewis‐Williams

2006

J Archaeol Method Theory

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Southern African rock art research has progressed from an essentially denigrating social and political milieu, through an empiricist period, to contemporary social and historical approaches. Empiricism, once thought to be the salvation of southern African rock art research, was a theoretically and methodologically flawed enterprise. Attempts to see the art through an emic perspective facilitated by copious nineteenth-and twentieth-century San ethnography is a more useful approach. It began briefly, but was then abandoned, in the nineteenth century. Today, diverse theoretical and methodological approaches are being constructed on an ethnographic foundation. The centrality of the San in South African national identity has been recognized.

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Gender, representation, and power in San ethnography and rock art

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Expressions of fertility in the rock art of Bantu-speaking agriculturists

Expressions of fertility in the rock art of Bantu-speaking agriculturists

Teaching Archaeological Pasts in South Africa: Historical and Contemporary Considerations of Archaeological Education

The Evolution of Theory, Method and Technique in Southern African Rock Art Research

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