Gender Reassignment

Salgado, Christopher J.; Nugent, Ajani; Satterwaite, Thomas; Carruthers, Katherine H.; Joumblat, Natalie R.

doi:10.1016/j.cps.2018.06.006

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Therefore, in modern practice, many consider using a more cephalad cervicomental angle incision. 18,19 Scar-related complications were not included in this analysis. Endoscope-assisted and anatomically guided techniques do not play a role in choice of incision, and most of the studies did not specify the type of incision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngochondroplasty: A Systematic Review of Safety, Satisfaction, and Surgical Techniques

Jahromi

Horen

Bonett

et al. 2022

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Background: Since first performed in 1975, two main surgical techniques for laryngochondroplasty have evolved: anatomical localization and direct endoscopic visualization. The aim of this study was to evaluate which method is safest and had the highest patient-reported satisfaction rates, and to determine whether these outcomes have changed over time. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was performed to find and analyze all medical publications related to laryngochondroplasty. Of these studies, patients who underwent laryngochondroplasty for gender-affirmation surgery were evaluated. Surgical and patient-reported outcomes were compared between different surgical techniques and between studies before and after the year 2010. Results: A total of 226 patients have been reported to have undergone laryngochondroplasty for gender-affirmation surgery. Overall transient and longterm complication rates were 14% and 0%, respectively. A 97% satisfaction rate was reported overall. Endoscopic visualization techniques were associated with lower short-term complications (OR, 21.11; 95% CI, 7.56 to 58.93); there was no difference in long-term complications (OR, 7.81; 95% CI, 0.31 to 194.37) or patient satisfaction (OR, 5.73; 95% CI, 0.32 to 101.97). Studies performed before the year 2010 had a significantly greater number of short-term complications compared to studies performed after the year 2010 (OR, 10.16; 95% CI, 3.71 to 27.82), with no difference in long-term complications (OR, 4.56; 95% CI, 0.18 to 113.25) or patient satisfaction (OR, 4.99; 95% CI, 0.59 to 42.20). Conclusions: All laryngochondroplasty techniques result in high patient satisfaction. Endoscopic visualization may help facilitate safe surgery and should be used in conjunction with anatomical familiarity. Technique choice should be dictated by the surgeon's experience and patient desires.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laryngochondroplasty: A Systematic Review of Safety, Satisfaction, and Surgical Techniques

Jahromi

Horen

Bonett

et al. 2022

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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“…In genioplasty, complications include infection, neurosensory deficits often secondary to mental nerve injury, hematoma, bone necrosis, ptosis of the mentalis muscle, and irregular mandibular contours. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Moreover, infections and mental nerve injury are the most frequently reported complications of genioplasty procedures in the literature. The mental nerve is vulnerable during bony manipulation of the mandible, injury of which can lead to paresthesias of the lower lip and chin.…”

Section: VImentioning

confidence: 99%

Feminizing Genioplasty: A Review of Operative Techniques and Clinical Outcomes

Khetpal

Baker

et al. 2023

FACE

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Background: Facial feminization procedures can be performed to alleviate gender dysphoria among transfeminine or non-binary patients. Moreover, the chin may play an important role in immediate identification and recognition of the face as cis-masculine or cisfeminine, and thus, can be addressed via feminizing genioplasty in the transfeminine population. The purpose of this study was multi-fold: 1) perform a systematic literature review to investigate the current methods utilized to feminize the chin, and 2) study clinical outcomes within an institutional cohort undergoing feminizing genioplasty. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in order to survey articles that discussed techniques and clinical considerations when performing genioplasty among transgender females and nonbinary patients. In addition, a retrospective review of such patients undergoing genioplasty by the senior author was conducted. Variables collected included demographic factors, operative details, and postoperative outcomes. Results: Query of the PubMed database resulted in forty articles after removal of duplicates. Eleven studies that discussed surgical technique about genioplasty in facial feminization surgery were selected for analysis and discussion. Commonly discussed techniques were surgical incision, horizontal and vertical reduction, and material used for fixation. Eighty-seven patients were included in our institutional cohort. Approximately half of the patients underwent 2-piece reduction genioplasty, while 8 patients had 1-piece reduction. Horizontal osteotomies and vertical osteotomies were performed in the majority of patients. About one-third of patients received osseous augmentation via centralized osteotomy segments and cranial bone grafts. Conclusions: The core tenets of feminization of the chin lie in the reduction in both horizontal and vertical planes, as well as the creation of harmony with other facial structures. Our analysis presents an updated review of these principles, as well as an in-depth analysis of the senior author’s technique in feminization of the chin in transgender women.

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“…A face and/or neck lift corrects the jowling but can lead to unpredictable results if performed during surgical manipulation of the mandible or chin. Thus, a staged approach, where a face and/or neck lift is considered 6 to 12 months post-operatively has been recommended 36 .…”

Section: Chinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and treatment of facial feminization surgery: part II. lips, midface, mandible, chin, and laryngeal prominence

Dang

Bertrand

et al. 2022

Arch Plast Surg

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Facial feminization surgery (FFS) refers to a set of procedures aimed at altering the features of a masculine face to achieve a more feminine appearance. In the second part of this twopart series, assessment and operations involving the midface, mandible, and chin, as well as soft tissue modification of the nasolabial complex and chondrolaryngoplasty, are discussed. Finally, we provide a review of the literature on patient-reported outcomes in this population following FFS and suggest a path forward to optimize care for FFS patients.

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Gender Reassignment

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Laryngochondroplasty: A Systematic Review of Safety, Satisfaction, and Surgical Techniques

Laryngochondroplasty: A Systematic Review of Safety, Satisfaction, and Surgical Techniques

Feminizing Genioplasty: A Review of Operative Techniques and Clinical Outcomes

Evaluation and treatment of facial feminization surgery: part II. lips, midface, mandible, chin, and laryngeal prominence

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