Gender quotas in the Arab world ‐ 20 years on

Welborne, Bozena C.; Buttorff, Gail J.

doi:10.1111/dome.12274

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…A majority of men did not support legislative gender quotas to promote women to top administrative positions, as the inclusion of women through legislative gender quotas would likely improve women’s social status and lead to policy gains. According to Welborne and Buttorff (2022), because the political arena has long been dominated by males, men may interpret the increased presence of women in that arena – enabled by legislative gender quotas – as representing a loss of power for males. These results align with those of previous research that found that men usually do not support legislative gender quotas, an attitude linked to a perceived group threat that may trigger their opposition (Hughes et al , 2017; Kim and Kweon, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results align with those of previous research that found that men usually do not support legislative gender quotas, an attitude linked to a perceived group threat that may trigger their opposition (Hughes et al , 2017; Kim and Kweon, 2022). A relevant study by Welborne and Buttorff (2022) suggests that men may reject quota policies because they view them as challenges to a male-dominated status quo. The steady rise in women’s education and labor participation in recent decades in Qatar should have contribute to changes in public perception of women in politics and to the normalization of women as political leaders, promoting the acceptance of women in top government bodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of legislative gender quotas is usually supported by women as a means of improving the gendered distribution of political offices and recognizing the important role of women legislators internationally in supporting public health ventures, especially maternal and child health-related concerns. Women have faced some of the most GM 39,1 discriminatory public opinion attitudes on gender equality in the world with both men and women preferring male political leaders and believing men should be prioritized when jobs are scarce (Welborne and Buttorff, 2022). The existing literature attempted to explain why the opposition is particularly strong among men.…”

Section: Determinants Of Public Attitudes Toward Gender Quotasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adopting a gender quota policy in Qatar: a path to gender equity

Lari

2023

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Purpose Societal barriers continue to cause gender disparities in women’s share of political authority. As a representative case study for the Arab Gulf region, this paper aims to investigate public opinion on adopting a nationwide quota for women’s participation in top government offices in the Qatar context. It gathers insights on the following question: How does public opinion respond to a proposed new political arrangement of implementing gender quota laws in Qatar? Design/methodology/approach Data were collected via a national telephone survey of a representative sample of 660 Qatari nationals chosen by simple random sampling. A regression analysis was performed for the primary outcome: support for a gender quota system that guarantees a specific proportion of places for women in the government and executive positions. Findings Unsurprisingly, the findings reveal gender variations in support for the three distinct types of egalitarian policy examined (i.e. a quota for women in top government positions; a quota for women in executive positions in public ministries; and equal wages), with women being more supportive than men. Research limitations/implications Assessing the public attitudes toward adopting legislative gender quotas is of interest to policy-makers and civil organizations alike that seek to advance women’s political status and democratic representation. Originality/value This study is among the very few to empirically examine public opinion on quotas as state-directed initiatives to promote the involvement of women in political power in Qatar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determinants Of Public Attitudes Toward Gender Quotasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adopting a gender quota policy in Qatar: a path to gender equity

Lari

2023

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“…Similarities in these mainly ceremonial roles are built out of differences in political systems seeking to use the First Lady for specific purposes within specific contexts related to state objectives, political system types, power dynamics, and even political economy setting opportunities and constraints on the first lady's public diplomacy expenditure. Still, the key difference that should be taken into consideration when any such comparisons are conducted is that the behavior of authoritarian regimes, especially when it relates to women's rights and their representation, is driven by a constant request for external legitimacy (Welborne, 2011).…”

Section: Conceptualization: Public Diplomacy First Ladies and Authori...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public diplomacy of authoritarianism: Strategic use of Suzanne Mubarak

Menshawy

2024

Digest Mid East Studies

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A leader's wife can be a key player in consolidating his authoritarianism through her public diplomacy activities. Taking the example of Egypt's former First Lady, Suzanne Mubarak (1981–2011), this article demonstrates how her role in public diplomacy framed her as a “modern” woman with a mission of “modernizing” women or the country's whole population. The modernization model adopted in these frames presumes the need for agents to transform “traditional” societies into “modern” societies and the need for agents to build more networks of collaboration with the “West.” The second section of the article focuses on political instrumentality, showing how former President Hosni Mubarak attempted to look good, to look democratic, and to look useful to his allies. This process was partly organized by Mrs. Mubarak herself, who used her public diplomacy roles as opportunities and resources to build a personality cult drawn on glorifying herself and aggrandizing her activities.

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“…To signal norm compliance, authoritarian regimes have adopted gender-based reforms to gain international legitimacy and foreign support. Scholars find that autocrats who receive Western aid are more likely to adopt quotas (Bush 2011;Donno, Fox, and Kaasik 2022;Edgell 2017;Welbourne 2010) and that the adoption is associated with a boost to their international reputations (Bush and Zetterberg 2020). Previous research also finds that quota adoption helps autocrats fend off international pressure to democratize, aiding authoritarian survival (Abou-Zeid 2006;Bjarnegård and Zetterberg 2022).…”

Section: The Gender Quota Trade-offmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regime Support and Gender Quotas in Autocracies

2023

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Gender quotas are increasingly being adopted by autocrats in part to legitimize their rule. Yet, even in autocracies, these quotas increase women’s political representation. It thus stands to reason that public support for gender quotas in autocracies might be shaped by this trade-off between advancing women’s rights and granting the regime legitimacy. All else equal, regime opponents should be less supportive of gender quotas in autocracies, wary of legitimizing the regime. We uncover evidence of this proposition in an analysis of region-wide Arab Barometer surveys and a survey experiment in Algeria. We also find that evaluations of this trade-off are conditioned by other demographics, with women, gender egalitarians, and Islamists remaining more consistent in their support for/opposition to gender quotas regardless of regime gains. Overall, our findings suggest that gender quotas in autocracies are viewed through a political lens, creating a potential backlash toward women’s empowerment.

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Gender quotas in the Arab world ‐ 20 years on

Cited by 5 publications

References 84 publications

Adopting a gender quota policy in Qatar: a path to gender equity

Adopting a gender quota policy in Qatar: a path to gender equity

Public diplomacy of authoritarianism: Strategic use of Suzanne Mubarak

Regime Support and Gender Quotas in Autocracies

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