Gender inequalities, intimate partner violence and HIV preventive practices: findings of a South African cross-sectional study

Jewkes, Rachel; Levin, Jonathan; Penn‐Kekana, Loveday

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00012-6

Cited by 305 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This finding corresponded to the results of a study conducted in South Africa by Jewkes et al (2003). Similarly, men who admitted to a number of reasons for hitting their partners were at greater risk of alcohol abuse.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

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Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated With Alcohol Abuse in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

Mitsunaga

Larsen

2008

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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Summary. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of and risk factors associated with alcohol abuse among women and men in Moshi in northern Tanzania. Alcohol abuse was measured by a CAGE score of 2-4, versus 0-1 for no alcohol abuse (Ewing, 1984). Crude and adjusted logistic regression models determined odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of alcohol abuse by characteristics of, respectively, women with partners (n=1200), women without partners (n=614) and men (n=788) (women's partners). Prevalence of alcohol abuse was 7·0% (95% CI: 5·6-8·4) among women with partners, 9·3% (95% CI: 7·0-11·6) among women without partners, and more than double among men at 22·8% (95% CI: 19·9-25·8). In general, Christians had higher alcohol abuse than Muslims or other religions, as did Chagga men compared with men of other ethnic groups. Other socio-demographic characteristics, such as education or income, were not significant. Sexual behaviours were significant predictors of alcohol abuse. For example, women without partners who reported more than two partners in the last year had higher alcohol abuse compared with women reporting no partners (OR=8·75; 95% CI: 2·37-32·31), as did men reporting it is 'OK to hit a partner' for any reason (OR=1·79; 95% CI: 1·16-2·77) compared with men who did not. HIV-1 infection was not significantly associated with alcohol abuse by women or men. The Christian Church in Moshi should consider raising awareness about the harmful effects of high alcohol use among its adherents. Comprehensive programmes focusing on reducing number of partners and alcohol use, particularly by men, are needed in this community.

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confidence: 87%

“…In other sub-Saharan African countries, alcohol use is also associated with sexual abuse (Koenig et al, 2004), domestic violence (Jewkes, 2002;Koenig et al, 2003;Jewkes et al, 2003) and road traffic accidents Odero, 1998;Andrews et al, 1999). In addition, Shayo et al (2000) described the potential for home-brewed alcohol to contain harmful levels of bacteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated With Alcohol Abuse in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

Mitsunaga

Larsen

2008

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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“…Malawi is no exception, where the 2004 Demographic and Health Survey found similar gender differences in HIV prevalence among the youth cohort (MDHS, 2004). To account for these disparities, explanations have typically highlighted age-discrepant relationships, inability to negotiate condom use in sexual relationships, or unequal access to key resources and the concomitant use of violence or coercion by men over women (Gregson et al, 2002;Jewkes, Levin & Penn-Kekana, 2003;Lary, Maman, Katebalila, McCauley & Mbwambo, 2004;Magnani et al, 2002;Nzyuko et al, 1997;Smith Fawzi et al, 2005). Despite notable exceptions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex, money, and premarital partnerships in southern Malawi

Poulin

2007

Social Science & Medicine

184

150

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In this paper, I argue two main points: (1), the purpose of money exchange in premarital, sexual partnerships in rural Malawi extends beyond the alleviation of female partners' economic constraints, and (2), by elucidating this broader purpose, it becomes possible to recognize where women exert control over their own sexual selves. These findings come from field observations and a rich set of in-depth interviews (N=54), bolstered on occasion by survey data, conducted with young women and men, aged 15 to 24 years, in the Balaka district in the southern region of the country. My research demonstrates that, contrary to typical expectations, money and gift transfers in sexual partnerships are part and parcel of the courting practices of young Malawian women and men. Transfers are as much about the expression of love and commitment as they are about meeting the financial "needs" of women or the acquisition of sex for men. Using narrative information to shed light on the semiotics of the sex-money link, these findings from Malawi offer a new perspective that broadens usual interpretations of "transactional" sex, the understanding of which is critical in fighting AIDS.

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“…Thus, a lack of financial autonomy increases the vulnerability of these women to abuse by their partner [12,16,19,42,[50][51][52], such that men decide whether or not to use a condom. In this way, genderrelated norms combine with the social and economic dependence of women to prevent them from negotiating safe sex [53].…”

Section: Economic Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Participatory Research to Work With Women from Ethnic Minorities at Risk for HIV Living In Industrialized Countries

Beaulieu¹

2016

J HIV Clin Sci Res

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The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of participatory approaches for working with ethnic minority women at risk of contracting HIV living in industrialized countries. The literature suggests that these women's sexual risk behaviors should be analyzed taking into account in the social context that reduces their power to negotiate condom use. In this paper, we argue that because participatory approaches promote the empowerment of vulnerable populations, they offer a promising alternative for HIV prevention in women from ethnic minorities. Hence, interventions targeting these women in high income countries should aim to help them gain control over their relationships, lessen their dependence on men, and enable them to negotiate condom use.

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Gender inequalities, intimate partner violence and HIV preventive practices: findings of a South African cross-sectional study

Cited by 305 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated With Alcohol Abuse in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated With Alcohol Abuse in Moshi, Northern Tanzania

Sex, money, and premarital partnerships in southern Malawi

Using Participatory Research to Work With Women from Ethnic Minorities at Risk for HIV Living In Industrialized Countries

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