Gender in plants: sex chromosomes are emerging from the fog

Vyskot, Boris; Hobza, Roman

doi:10.1016/j.tig.2004.06.006

Cited by 183 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Understandably, hermaphrodites are the most convenient to adjust; but in many dioecious plants, the mechanisms of sex determination are already quite consolidated. That is, the evolution of sex chromosome is an ongoing process in some plants (Vyskot and Hobza 2004), and thus the turnover is rare. However, this is the case of a few other taxa like Acer negundo (Mędrzycki et al 2006), M. annua (Pannell et al 2008), S. latifolia (Dorken and Barrett 2004) and Wurmbea dioica (Barrett et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of dioecious and trioecious Salix myrsinifolia populations at the border of geographic range

Mirski

Brzosko

Jędrzejczyk

et al. 2017

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Gene flow in plant populations is heavily affected by species sexual systems. In order to study the effect of sexual systems on genetic structure, we examined plastid and nuclear DNA of 12 dioecious (males and females) and 18 trioecious (males, females and hermaphrodites) populations of Salix myrsinifolia-a boreal shrub with slow range expansion. Populations were located along latitudinal gradients across submarginal and marginal parts of the range. Individuals of each sex morph were all hexaploid. We identified 10 chloroplast DNA haplotypes and scored 205 polymorphic bands with amplified fragment length polymorphism. We found dioecious populations that differed from trioecious populations via the presence of four unique haplotypes and significant difference in Nei's gene diversity index (0.119 vs. 0.116) and down-weighed marker value (1.17 vs. 1.02). The latter parameter, together with haplotype and nucleotide diversity, significantly decreased with latitude similar to the expansion front. Also, we found that 89% of hermaphrodite individuals belong to one distinct in tree parsimony network haplotype. This frequency significantly decreased with latitude towards the expansion front. We suspect that the presence of hermaphrodites in trioecious populations may represent a trade-off between the possibility of producing progeny by single hermaphrodites and genetic variability loss through autogamy. S. myrsinifolia benefits from trioecious sexual systems under colonization events. This phenomenon is no longer a gain closer to the core of the species range.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structure of dioecious and trioecious Salix myrsinifolia populations at the border of geographic range

Mirski

Brzosko

Jędrzejczyk

et al. 2017

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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“…Other such comparative studies could be imagined. Some diecious plants, for example, have sex chromosomes and some (such as the papaya) have close relatives that are hermaphroditic (Vyskot and Hobza, 2004). Similarly, Teleostei (Volff, 2005) and Gastropoda (Avise et al, 2004) show a great diversity in sex determination systems and many groups have male heterogamety, female heterogamety and hermaphroditism in closely related taxa.…”

Section: Hr In a Comparative Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haldane's rule in the 21st century

2011

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Haldane's Rule (HR), which states that 'when in the offspring of two different animal races one sex is absent, rare, or sterile, that sex is the heterozygous (heterogametic) sex', is one of the most general patterns in speciation biology. We review the literature of the past 15 years and find that among the B85 new studies, many consider taxa that traditionally have not been the focus for HR investigations. The new studies increased to nine, the number of 'phylogenetically independent' groups that comply with HR. They continue to support the dominance and faster-male theories as explanations for HR, although due to increased reliance on indirect data (from, for example, differential introgression of cytoplasmic versus chromosomal loci in natural hybrid zones) unambiguous novel results are rare. We further highlight how research on organisms with sex determination systems different from those traditionally considered may lead to more insight in the underlying causes of HR. In particular, haplodiploid organisms provide opportunities for testing specific predictions of the dominance and faster X chromosome theory, and we present new data that show that the faster-male component of HR is supported in hermaphrodites, suggesting that genes involved in male function may evolve faster than those expressed in the female function.

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“…Although sex chromosomes evolve from a pair of autosomes (Ohno, 1967), over time they become different, both from each other and the autosomes, in gene content and structure. While sex chromosomes in most mammals are ancient, sex chromosomes in some fish, platypus, some insects and dioecious plants are evolutionarily young (for review see Vyskot and Hobza, 2004;Charlesworth et al, 2005). Despite the different ages of sex chromosomes in different taxonomic groups, they probably follow similar evolutionary trajectories with discrete identifiable stages.…”

Section: Sex Chromosomes: Special Parts Of Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

et al. 2009

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Eukaryotic genomes contain a large proportion of repetitive DNA sequences, mostly transposable elements (TEs) and tandem repeats. These repetitive sequences often colonize specific chromosomal (Y or W chromosomes, B chromosomes) or subchromosomal (telomeres, centromeres) niches. Sex chromosomes, especially non-recombining regions of the Y chromosome, are subject to different evolutionary forces compared with autosomes. In nonrecombining regions of the Y chromosome repetitive DNA sequences are accumulated, representing a dominant and early process forming the Y chromosome, probably before genes start to degenerate. Here we review the occurrence and role of repetitive DNA in Y chromosome evolution in various species with a focus on dioecious plants. We also discuss the potential link between recombination and transposition in shaping genomes.

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Gender in plants: sex chromosomes are emerging from the fog

Cited by 183 publications

References 55 publications

Genetic structure of dioecious and trioecious Salix myrsinifolia populations at the border of geographic range

Genetic structure of dioecious and trioecious Salix myrsinifolia populations at the border of geographic range

Haldane's rule in the 21st century

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

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