Gender, heroin consumption and economic behaviour

Bretteville-Jensen, Anne Line

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1050(199908)8:5<379::aid-hec458>3.0.co;2-j

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…(), and DeSimone and Farrelly () estimate the youth demand for illicit drugs, and in several specifications report price elasticities in absolute value which lie below the overall median . Furthermore, although some studies explore gender differences in illicit drug demand (e.g., Bretteville‐Jensen, ; Saffer and Chaloupka, ; Williams et al ., ), other studies (e.g., Van Ours, ; Grossman and Chaloupka, ; Liu et al ., ) address the addictive nature of illicit drugs by including either lagged consumption (i.e., myopic addiction) or both lagged and lead consumption (i.e., rational addiction) in the specification of demand. Also, a number of studies address relationships between drugs by controlling for the influence of alcohol and/or other illicit drugs on the demand for a particular drug.…”

Section: Literature Summarymentioning

confidence: 86%

Can Price Get the Monkey Off Our Back? A Meta‐analysis of Illicit Drug Demand

Gallet

2013

Health Economics

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Because of the increased availability of price data over the past 15 years, several studies have estimated the demand for illicit drugs, providing 462 estimates of the price elasticity. Results from estimating several meta-regressions reveal that these price elasticity estimates are influenced by a number of study characteristics. For instance, the price elasticity differs across drugs, with its absolute value being smallest for marijuana, compared with cocaine and heroin. Furthermore, price elasticity estimates are sensitive to whether demand is modeled in the short-run or the long-run, measures of quantity and price, whether or not alcohol and other illicit drugs are included in the specification of demand, and the location of demand. However, a number of other factors, including the functional form of demand, several specification issues, the type of data and method used to estimate demand, and the quality of the publication outlet, have less influence on the price elasticity.

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Section: Literature Summarymentioning

confidence: 86%

Can Price Get the Monkey Off Our Back? A Meta‐analysis of Illicit Drug Demand

Gallet

2013

Health Economics

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“…Female injectors are known to have a slightly different drug using pattern than men [26–28], and the findings in toxicology are therefore likely to mirror this. Although women make up only a small proportion of those who die from overdoses, it is still important that they are addressed specifically when preventive measures are designed and implemented, in order to reach their specific needs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity in causes and characteristics of drug-induced deaths in an urban setting

Gjersing

Jonassen

Biong

et al. 2013

Scand J Public Health

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Aims: To assess demographic characteristics, treatment utilization and circumstances of death among those who died from drug-induced deaths in an urban setting and to identify possible subpopulations that should be targeted specifically to further develop preventive public health policies. Methods: Subjects (N = 231) who died, from drug-induced deaths, in the Norwegian capital Oslo (2006–2008) were identified through the National Cause of Death Registry. Data on toxicology, prison release and contact with health and social services in Oslo were collected. Results: Majority of cases were men (78%) and the mean age was 37 years. Nearly all cases (90%) were polydrug intoxications. Heroin was implicated in 67%. Residential address was the most common place of death (67%). Most cases (82%) had been in contact with health and social services in the year before death. Women were 4 years older, more often Oslo residents (82% vs. 64%) and fewer died from heroin intoxication. Non-Oslo residents were younger and more likely to have been found outdoors with heroin as the main intoxicant. Other identified subpopulations were those who died after prison release and those discharged from drug treatment. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the majority of cases could have been available for preventive measures through their contacts with health and social services. Yet, the heterogeneity among cases indicates that such measures need to be multifaceted. Finally, it is important for policymakers and health and social workers in various countries to consider subpopulations such as women and non-city residents when developing public health interventions to prevent overdose deaths.

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“…This effect is paralleled by naturalistic drug use patterns; for example, non-dealing opioid-dependent individuals report that they consume significantly less heroin per day as its UP increases, i.e. own-price elasticity (Bretteville-Jensen, 1999; Roddy and Greenwald, in press), and methadone patients who value money (e.g. travel, child care) costs at a higher rate exhibit significantly reduced attendance to consume their daily dose relative to patients who value those costs at a lower rate (Borisova and Goodman, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral economic analysis of opioid consumption in heroin-dependent individuals: Effects of alternative reinforcer magnitude and post-session drug supply

Greenwald

Steinmiller

2009

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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This study investigated the extent to which hydromorphone (HYD) choice and behavioral economic demand were influenced by HYD unit price (UP), alternative money reinforcement magnitude and post-session HYD supply. Heroin dependent research volunteers (n=13) stabilized on buprenorphine 8 mg/day first sampled two HYD doses (12 and 24 mg IM, labeled Drug A [session 1] and Drug B [session 2]). In each of the final six sessions, volunteers were given access to a 12-trial choice progressive ratio (PR) task and could earn a HYD unit dose (2 mg, fixed) or money ($2 or $4, varied across sessions), administered immediately after the work session. Before the PR task, volunteers were told which HYD supplemental dose (none, Drug A or B) would be available 3 hr after receiving the PR-contingent dose. PR-contingent HYD choice significantly decreased when $4 relative to $2 was concurrently available. Information about the post-session HYD supplement moderated this effect: when subjects were told a supplemental dose was available, HYD-seeking behavior decreased when the money alternative was smaller ($2), but this information did not further attenuate HYD choice, which was already low, when the money alternative was higher ($4). HYD demand elasticity was only increased by the $4 relative to $2 alternative without the HYD supplement. In summary, opioid-seeking behavior is influenced by the availability of concurrent non-drug and drug alternatives. These findings show that drug availability and non-drug alternatives interact to modulate drug-seeking behavior.

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Gender, heroin consumption and economic behaviour

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Can Price Get the Monkey Off Our Back? A Meta‐analysis of Illicit Drug Demand

Can Price Get the Monkey Off Our Back? A Meta‐analysis of Illicit Drug Demand

Diversity in causes and characteristics of drug-induced deaths in an urban setting

Behavioral economic analysis of opioid consumption in heroin-dependent individuals: Effects of alternative reinforcer magnitude and post-session drug supply

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