Gender effect on the clinical measurement of swallowing

2013

CoDAS

Self Cite

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta investigação foi avaliar, em população adulta, a influência do gênero, da altura corporal, e da raça nas medidas antropométricas orofaciais, e a possibilidade de correlação entre as medidas. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas medidas antropométricas orofaciais em voluntários assintomáticos, 56 mulheres e 44 homens, com idades entre 19 e 53 anos. As medidas realizadas foram: altura do lábio superior (sn-sto); altura do lábio inferior (sto-gn); altura do filtro (sn-ls); terço superior da face (tr-g); terço médio da face (g-sn); terço inferior da face (sn-gn); distância entre o canto externo do olho (ex) e o cheilion (ch). RESULTADOS: Todas as medidas realizadas foram maiores nos homens do que nas mulheres. Houve correlação positiva entre a maioria das medidas realizadas. Não houve correlação entre a altura corporal e as medidas antropométricas orofaciais, exceto para a medida do terço médio da face (g-sn) nos homens, quando houve correlação positiva fraca. Na comparação com indivíduos da raça branca os indivíduos da raça negra tiveram maiores medidas do terço inferior da face (sn-gn) e entre o canto externo do olho (ex) e o cheilion (ch) esquerdo. CONCLUSÃO: Homens têm maiores medidas antropométricas orofaciais do que as mulheres. A altura corporal dos indivíduos parece não influenciar estas medidas.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efeito do gênero, da altura corporal e da etnia nas medidas antropométricas orofaciais

Nascimento

Cassiani

2013

CoDAS

Self Cite

“…Women have less ingestion flow and volume in each swallow than men (2) , probably due to the adaptation to anatomical differences and a lower oral volume capacity (16) , which can be influenced by taste and pH. Our hypothesis is that the ingestion of a sour liquid with acidic pH has a different ingestion dynamic than the ingestion of a liquid with neutral taste and pH; with GERD patients, the ingestion of a sour liquid with acidic pH would take longer that in healthy subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Acidic and Neutral Liquid Ingestion in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gomes

2014

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Context -Sour acidic liquid has a slower distal esophageal transit than a neutral liquid. Our hypothesis was that an acidic sour bolus has a different ingestion dynamic than a neutral bolus. Method -In 50 healthy volunteers and 29 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), we evaluated the ingestion dynamics of 100 mL of acidic sour liquid (concentrated lemon juice, pH: 3.0) and 100 mL of water (pH: 6.8). The time to ingest the total volume, the number of swallows to ingest the volume, the interval between swallows, the flux of ingestion and the volume ingested in each swallow was measured. Results -In both groups, healthy volunteers and patients in treatment for GERD, the acidic liquid took longer to be ingested, a higher number of swallows, a slower flux of ingestion and a smaller volume in each swallow than the neutral bolus. There was no difference between healthy volunteers and patients with GERD. The ingestion in women was longer than in men for acidic and neutral liquids. ConclusionAcidic liquid has a different dynamic of ingestion than the neutral liquid, which may be consequence of the slower transit through the distal esophageal body or an anticipation to drink a sour bolus. Patients with GERD have the same prolonged ingestion of the acidic liquid bolus as seen in healthy volunteers.

“…There are reports showing that women ingest water at a lower flow (1,12) , with a smaller volume in each swallow (1,12) , and have a longer oropharyngeal transit duration (9) than men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in proximal esophageal contractions

Alves

Cassiani

2009

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Context -There are reports showing that gender has an influence on swallowing and on the contractions of the distal esophageal body. Objective -In this investigation we studied the effect of gender on proximal esophageal contraction. Methods -We studied 20 men (22-68 years old, median 39 years) and 44 women (18-61 years old, median 41 years) without symptoms and without gastrointestinal or respiratory diseases. We measured the time interval between the onset of pharyngeal contraction 1 cm proximal to the upper esophageal sphincter and the onset of the proximal esophageal contraction 5 cm from the pharyngeal recording. We also measured the amplitude, duration and area under the curve of the proximal esophageal contractions. The recording was performed by the manometric method with continuous perfusion. The contractions were recorded in duplicate after swallows of a 5 mL bolus of water. Results -There were no differences between men and women in the interval between the onset of pharyngeal and of esophageal contractions or in the amplitude of esophageal contractions. The duration of contractions was longer in women (2.35 ± 0.60 s) than in men (2.07 ± 0.62 s) but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.087). The area under the curve of the esophageal contraction was higher in women (130.2 ± 55.2 mm Hg x s) than in men (97.4 ± 49.4 mm Hg x s, P = 0.026). Conclusion -We conclude that there is a difference between men and women in the proximal esophageal contractions in response to wet swallows, although this difference is of no clinical relevance.