GENDER DYNAMICS IN OSSETIA IN THE XIXth - EARLY XXth CENTURIES

Abstract

The article is devoted to determining the role of women in the traditional Ossetian society. A full-fledged study of many urgent problems of science is impossible without taking into account the gender aspects of various branches of social humanitarian knowledge. The subordinate position of a woman in the family was determined by time, dogmatic customs, and traditions indisputable for her. The transformation of gender consciousness in Ossetia was accompanied by changes in the family and gender norms of the society. New research tasks enable to consider the transformation of gender stereotypes in various ethnocultural environments in diachrony, comparing not only differences due to a particular culture, but also the degree of their changeability over time, the significance of social, political and other factors affecting this process.
 The historical gender and division of labor is a cultural solution to the problem of combining technology with the vital needs of the society as a self-organizing system. Representatives of the socio-political thought in Ossetia advocated the development of professional female education, girls education was no longer restricted to useful handicrafts, thus providing the expansion of the female sociocultural space. The development of women's educational institutions and their growing popularity were largely the result of the post-reform modernization of the Ossetian society. The real dynamics of social development led to intensive integration and stimulated educational processes, including the expansion of the female school network. An important factor in the development of female education was the attitude of the Ossetian society to it. 
 In Ossetia the striving for education became a nationwide movement in which all the sectors of the society participated. The values ​​of education, including women's education, became essential part of the public consciousness of the Ossetians. In particular, the article analyzes the contribution of the first Ossetian woman-playwright Rosa Kochisova and the first Ossetian ballerina Aurora Gazdanova to the development of gender transformations in Ossetia in the XIXth and early XXth centuries.