Gender diversity leads to better science

Nielsen, Mathias Wullum; Alegria, Sharla; Börjeson, Love; Etzkowitz, Henry; Falk-Krzesinski, Holly J.; Joshi, Aparna; Leahey, Erin; Smith‐Doerr, Laurel; Woolley, Anita Williams; Schiebinger, Londa

doi:10.1073/pnas.1700616114

Cited by 400 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…When this important topic is not widely and openly examined, it can inhibit the advancement of science generally, and conservation and population genomics specifically. Diversity leads to better problem‐solving, expands the talent pool, and promotes full inclusion of excellence across the social spectrum (Blackburn, 2017; Nielsen et al., 2017). Among the plethora of topics regarding increasing diversity in STEM fields (Blackburn, 2017; Wellenreuther & Otto, 2015), here we focus on overcoming the biases against women in computer sciences and the persistence of unconscious gender stereotypes that influence both male and female researchers.…”

Section: Increasing Contributions By Women (Sarah Hendricks and Brennmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in conservation and population genomics data analysis

Hendricks

Anderson

Antão

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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New computational methods and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches have enabled the use of thousands or hundreds of thousands of genetic markers to address previously intractable questions. The methods and massive marker sets present both new data analysis challenges and opportunities to visualize, understand, and apply population and conservation genomic data in novel ways. The large scale and complexity of NGS data also increases the expertise and effort required to thoroughly and thoughtfully analyze and interpret data. To aid in this endeavor, a recent workshop entitled “Population Genomic Data Analysis,” also known as “ConGen 2017,” was held at the University of Montana. The ConGen workshop brought 15 instructors together with knowledge in a wide range of topics including NGS data filtering, genome assembly, genomic monitoring of effective population size, migration modeling, detecting adaptive genomic variation, genomewide association analysis, inbreeding depression, and landscape genomics. Here, we summarize the major themes of the workshop and the important take‐home points that were offered to students throughout. We emphasize increasing participation by women in population and conservation genomics as a vital step for the advancement of science. Some important themes that emerged during the workshop included the need for data visualization and its importance in finding problematic data, the effects of data filtering choices on downstream population genomic analyses, the increasing availability of whole‐genome sequencing, and the new challenges it presents. Our goal here is to help motivate and educate a worldwide audience to improve population genomic data analysis and interpretation, and thereby advance the contribution of genomics to molecular ecology, evolutionary biology, and especially to the conservation of biodiversity.

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Section: Increasing Contributions By Women (Sarah Hendricks and Brennmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in conservation and population genomics data analysis

Hendricks

Anderson

Antão

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This focus reflects that of the existing literature, as can be seen in other recent reviews of research on diversity in science that focus exclusively on gender (Nielsen et al 2017;Elsevier 2017). While our illustrations come from existing research (mostly on gender), we posit that all kinds of diversity need to be fully integrated at the interaction level for its potential to be fully realized.…”

Section: By the Numbers: Representational Diversitymentioning

confidence: 71%

How Diversity Matters in the US Science and Engineering Workforce: A Critical Review Considering Integration in Teams, Fields, and Organizational Contexts

Smith‐Doerr¹,

Alegria

Sacco³

2017

Engaging STS

Self Cite

106

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How the race and gender diversity of team members is related to innovative science and technology outcomes is debated in the scholarly literature. Some studies find diversity is linked to creativity and productivity, other studies find that diversity has no effect or even negative effects on team outcomes. Based on a critical review of the literature, this paper explains the seemingly contradictory findings through careful attention to the organizational contexts of team diversity. We distinguish between representational diversity and full integration of minority scientists. Representational diversity, where organizations have workforces that match the pool of degree recipients in relevant fields, is a necessary but not sufficient condition for diversity to yield benefits. Full integration of minority scientists (i.e., including women and people of color) in an interaction context that allows for more level information exchange, unimpeded by the asymmetrical power relationships that are common across many scientific organizations, is when the full potential for diversity to have innovative outcomes is realized. Under conditions of equitable and integrated work environments, diversity leads to creativity, innovation, productivity, and positive reputational (status) effects. Thus, effective policies for diversity in science and engineering must also address integration in the organizational contexts in which diverse teams are embedded.

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“…Research indicates that diversity strengthens innovation, design, and productivity (Nielsen et al 2017), but we have to ensure that diverse voices are both at the table and invited to speak. Segregationism keeps these voices at bay, whereas Assimilationism tells them they can speak so long as they say the same things as the majority group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposure to arguments for a given intergroup ideology can in fact change implicit intergroup prejudice as well as explicit attitudes towards and stereotyping of ethnic minorities (Richeson and Nussbaum 2004;Wolsko et al 2000). Having a multiplicity of viewpoints is one of the reasons scholars argue for the value of diversity in organizations (e.g., Nielsen et al 2017). It helps brings a balance of broader ideological perspectives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative Gender Ideologies and Gender-Science Stereotypes Are More Pervasive in Male-Dominated Academic Disciplines

Banchefsky

Park

2018

Social Sciences

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Male-dominated work environments often possess masculine cultures that are unwelcoming to women. The present work investigated whether male-dominated academic environments were characterized by gender ideologies with negative implications for women. A survey of 2622 undergraduates across a variety of academic majors examined how gender imbalance within the major corresponded with students' gender ideologies. We hypothesized that men in male-dominated domains might justify their dominance and prototypical status by adopting gender ideologies and stereotypes that denigrate women and treat men as the normative and superior group. Confirming this hypothesis, men in increasingly male-dominated academic majors were more likely to endorse Assimilationism-that women should adapt and conform to masculine work norms in order to succeed-and Segregationism-that men and women should pursue traditional social roles and careers. Moreover, they were less likely to endorse Gender Blindness-that attention to gender should be minimized. They were also more likely to agree with the gender-science stereotype that men do better in math and science than women. In contrast, gender imbalance in the major did not influence women's gender ideologies, and women in increasingly male-dominated majors were significantly less likely to endorse the gender-science stereotype.

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Gender diversity leads to better science

Cited by 400 publications

References 8 publications

Recent advances in conservation and population genomics data analysis

Recent advances in conservation and population genomics data analysis

How Diversity Matters in the US Science and Engineering Workforce: A Critical Review Considering Integration in Teams, Fields, and Organizational Contexts

Negative Gender Ideologies and Gender-Science Stereotypes Are More Pervasive in Male-Dominated Academic Disciplines

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