Gender Disparity in HIV Prevalence: A National-Level Analysis of the Association between Gender Inequality and the Feminisation of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

Harris, Kerry F.; Hosegood, Victoria; Channon, Andrew Amos

doi:10.11564/28-0-562

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Economic barriers associated with poverty, such as lower levels of education and increased necessity of sex work and exchange, are known contributors to HIV risk among AGYW. 9 Government intervention and support are essential in order for AGYW to combat poverty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Let us fight and support one another: adolescent girls and young women on contributors and solutions to HIV risk in Zambia

Butts

Parmley

Alcaide

et al. 2017

IJWH

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In Zambia, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), social, cultural and economic factors making them particularly vulnerable. This study was designed to understand the context in which AGYW are at risk and to identify perceived drivers of the epidemic and potential strategies to reduce HIV risk. Focus group discussions were conducted with AGYW in Zambian districts with the highest HIV prevalence from February through August 2016. The focus group guide addressed HIV risk factors and strategies for HIV prevention in AGYW. Focus group discussions were recorded, translated and transcribed, themes identified and responses coded. Results suggest that gender inequality undermined potentially protective factors against HIV among AGYW. Poverty and stigmatization were major barriers to accessing available HIV prevention services as well as primary risk factors for HIV infection. Sponsorship to support AGYW school attendance, programs for boys and girls to foster gender equality and financial assistance from the government of Zambia to support AGYW most in need were proposed as strategies to reduce HIV risk. Results highlight the utility of using community-based research to guide potential interventions for the affected population. Future research should explore the use of multilevel interventions to combat HIV among AGYW.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 , 8 Poverty, a cause of reduced educational attainment and increased reliance on sex exchange and sex work, 8 also underlies HIV transmission. 9 Limited access to HIV prevention methods, for example, condoms and information, and HIV stigma and reduced access to medical care contribute to both risk and transmission. 10 – 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Let us fight and support one another: adolescent girls and young women on contributors and solutions to HIV risk in Zambia

Butts

Parmley

Alcaide

et al. 2017

IJWH

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“…A review of the existing studies shows that the number of women living with HIV is relatively higher than that of men living with HIV. (1,2,3) According to Rodrigo and Rajapakse (2), the trend changed in the late 2000s when the percentage of women with HIV reached 50 percent of the people living with HIV, compared to 1985 when it was only 35 percent. Since then, the trend has been on an upward trend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, the trend has been on an upward trend. In 2011, the UNAIDS estimated that it was about 58 percent of the adults living with HIV (3). In 2016, approximately 17.8 million people out of the 34.5 million people, about 52 percent of the people living with HIV globally, were females aged above 15 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of socioeconomic inequalities in HIV infections among women in Low and Middle-income countries

Adegbosin

2022

Preprint

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Background Evidence shows that HIV is more prevalent among women in low and middle-income countries, this disparity is partly due to biological and socioeconomic factors. In this study we synthesized evidence on the relationship between7socioeconomic factors and HIV prevalence among women. Method We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase, for articles published between 2010 and 2020 that investigated the relationship between socioeconomic factors and HIV prevalence among women in low and middle-income countries. We analyzed and reported our findings based on the PRISMA guidelines. Findings A total of 14 studies were included in the final analysis. Six studies explored the effect of disparity in level of education on7the prevalence of HIV among women. The effect of income disparity was explored in eight studies, while two studies each explored the effects of occupation and employment status. Overall, evidence shows that women with low socioeconomic status were more at risk of HIV infection. Interpretation Targeted Interventions aimed at improving the socioeconomic status of women in low and middle-income countries will play a significant role in reducing the prevalence of HIV infection in these settings

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Prevalence of HIV and malaria: a cross-sectional study on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Zheng

Lin

Xie³

et al. 2017

African Journal of AIDS Research

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Malaria and HIV are two of the most severe public health problems in Africa. However, epidemiological data on Bioko Island is scarce. To investigate the prevalence of malaria and HIV infections and assess association of malaria and HIV infections and possible confounding factors, we performed a cross-sectional survey of people of malaria-endemic Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. A cross-sectional study of 1 526 subjects was carried out to determine the prevalence of malaria and HIV infection in Malabo region hospital on Bioko Island. Questionnaires were administered and venous blood samples were drawn for malaria parasites and HIV detection. The prevalence of participants infected with malaria and HIV in this area were 13.8% and 6.6% respectively. The average prevalence of co-infection for malaria and HIV was 0.92%. HIV-infection was significantly associated with the age and gender. Malaria infections were significantly associated with the age. This study showed that the prevalence of HIV and malaria on Bioko Island was higher than expected, although the co-infection prevalence of malaria and HIV was low. The results also indicated that malaria and HIV infections lead to more public health risk to youngsters and women.

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Gender Disparity in HIV Prevalence: A National-Level Analysis of the Association between Gender Inequality and the Feminisation of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract: The HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa is often described as undergoing a 'feminisation' in

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Let us fight and support one another: adolescent girls and young women on contributors and solutions to HIV risk in Zambia

Let us fight and support one another: adolescent girls and young women on contributors and solutions to HIV risk in Zambia

A review of socioeconomic inequalities in HIV infections among women in Low and Middle-income countries

Prevalence of HIV and malaria: a cross-sectional study on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

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