Gender Disparity Among Surgical Peer-Reviewed Literature

Bernardi, Karla; Lyons, Nicole B.; Huang, Lillian M.; Holihan, Julie L.; Olavarria, Oscar A.; Loor, Michele M.; Ko, Tien C.; Liang, Mike K.

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2019.11.007

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The percentage of female FAs of global surgery abstracts (44%) is higher than the 35% of female first authors reported in a recent analysis of general surgical publications. 16 These findings align with patterns of increasing female first authors in other specialties such as otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and orthopedic surgery, surgical fields in which women are highly underrepresented. 17,18 Our findings reflect trends of significant increases in female physicians as first authors and early-career researchers over the last 4 decades.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Closing the Gender Gap in Global Surgery: Trends at the Academic Surgical Congress

Padmanaban

DaCosta

Tran

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Closing the Gender Gap in Global Surgery: Trends at the Academic Surgical Congress

Padmanaban

DaCosta

Tran

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…48 (Supplemental Digital Content Table 3, http://links.lww.com/SLA/D731) Five manuscripts focused on barriers to career advancement for women in academic surgery. [51][52][53][54][55] Gender discrimination, gaps in mentoring, family responsibilities, disparities on leave, unequal pay, and difficulties in professional advancement were reported as possible factors influencing career advancement. 51,53,54 Finally, female academic surgeons received a lower number of requests for Visiting Professorships, defined as a distinguished talk where travel and lodging is usually covered.…”

Section: Discrimination In Academic Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

et al. 2022

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Background:Over the past twenty years explicit gender bias toward women in surgery has been replaced by more subtle barriers, which represent indirect forms of discrimination and prevents equality.Objective:The aim of our scoping review is to summarize the different forms of discrimination toward women in surgery.Methods:The database search consisted of original studies regarding discrimination toward female surgeons.Results:Of 3615 studies meeting research criteria, 63 were included. Of these articles, 11 (18%) were focused on gender-based discrimination, 14 (22%) on discrimination in authorship, research productivity, and research funding, 21 (33%) on discrimination in academic surgery, 7 (11%) on discrimination in surgical leadership positions and 10 (16%) on discrimination during conferences and in surgical societies. The majority (n = 53, 84%) of the included studies were conducted in the U.S.A. According to our analysis, female surgeons experience discrimination from male colleagues, healthcare workers, but also from patients and trainees. Possible solutions may include acknowledgment of the problem, increased education of diversity and integration for the younger generations, mentorship, coaching, and more active engagement by male and female partners to support women in the surgical field.Conclusions:Gender-based discrimination toward women in the field of surgery has evolved over the past twenty years, from an explicit to a more subtle attitude. A work-environment where diversity and flexibility are valued would allow female surgeons to better realize their full potential.

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“…Canadian data report that 85.7% of gynecologic oncology fellows are female 3. Despite increased representation of women in most specialties, gender disparities persist across multiple facets of academic medicine, including the lower proportion of women in senior academic and leadership positions,2 4 the gender pay gap,5–7 and underrepresentation of women in the authorship of academic publications 8–12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender imbalance in gynecologic oncology authorship and impact of COVID-19 pandemic

Mah

Makkar

Huang

et al. 2022

Int J Gynecol Cancer

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ObjectiveDespite increased participation of women in academic medicine in recent decades, gender disparities persist. The gender gap in authorship and editorial boards in gynecologic oncology, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, have not been recently evaluated. We examined gender representation and the impact of COVID-19 on authorship and editorial boards of two major peer-reviewed gynecologic oncology journals.MethodsWe conducted a bibliometric analysis of original articles published in Gynecologic Oncology and the International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, comparing the most contemporary 5-year period (2016–2020) to single years in the two prior decades (1996, 2006). To assess the early impact of COVID-19, we compared publications from May 2020–April 2021 to 2019. Editorial boards were analyzed for gender composition. First names, pronouns, and institutional photographs were used to determine gender.ResultsThere were 3022 original articles published between 2016 and 2020, 763 in 2006, and 203 in 1996. Gender was identified for 91.3% of first authors (3641 articles) and 95.6% of senior authors (3813 articles). Men comprised the majority of the editorial boards in 2021 at 57% and 61% for Gynecologic Oncology and the International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, respectively. Men were overrepresented as senior authors across all study periods: 93% in 1996, 77% in 2006, and 58% in 2016–2020. Over time, representation of women as first and senior authors increased (7% in 1996, 42% in 2016–2020, p<0.00001). There was no immediate impact of the early pandemic on gender distribution of authorship.ConclusionsDespite greater representation of women over time as authors in gynecologic oncology journals, there remains gender disparity in senior authorship and editorial board representation. This presents an opportunity for the academic publishing community to advocate for deliberate strategies to achieve gender parity. Although no impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic was found, this requires ongoing surveillance.

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Gender Disparity Among Surgical Peer-Reviewed Literature

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Closing the Gender Gap in Global Surgery: Trends at the Academic Surgical Congress

Closing the Gender Gap in Global Surgery: Trends at the Academic Surgical Congress

Discrimination Toward Women in Surgery

Gender imbalance in gynecologic oncology authorship and impact of COVID-19 pandemic

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