Gender Disparities in CAD: Women and Ischemic Heart Disease

Davies, Rhian; Rier, Jeremy

doi:10.1007/s11883-018-0753-7

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Men have higher absolute deaths and ASDRs of IHD than women at both the global and regional levels, and the gap is likely to expand further. These sex-based disparities may be explained by not only biological factors but also differences in many behavioral risk factors, such as smoking and stress (Aggarwal et al, 2018;Davies and Rier 2018;GBD 2016Causes of Death Collaborators, 2017. Therefore, reducing male mortality and controlling male-specific risk factors are of great importance to improve survival in individuals with IHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 suggests that metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of the burden of ischemic heart disease

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Cell Metabolism

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 suggests that metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of the burden of ischemic heart disease

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Cell Metabolism

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“…In contrast, a previous study reported that female gender was associated with increased severity of coronary artery disease and independently associated with significant Vit D deficiency [ 46 ]. However, several studies have reported that such variations between men and women in some studies may be due to variations in the presentation of the coronary artery disease in women, frequently with atypical symptoms, or with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia, leading to a delayed diagnosis of ischemia until when it is already advanced [ 47 ]. Additionally, compared with men, symptomatic women with angina and proven myocardial ischemia frequently have no significant coronary artery stenosis on angiography, but rather coronary microvascular dysfunction [ 48 ].,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Ischemia

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: Vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency has been implicated in various conditions, including cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of patients with myocardial ischemia in relation to their serum levels of vitamin D. Materials and Methods: A 64-month search (January 2016 to April 2021) in our database of the Nuclear Medicine Laboratory revealed 113 patients who had both myocardial perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (MPI SPECT) and Vit D measurements. MPI SPECT obtained myocardial images during both stress (summed stress score, SSS) and rest (summed rest score, SRS). Abnormal MPI SPECT was when the SSS was ≥4. Vit D was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Patients with Vit D values <10 ng/mL, 10–29 ng/mL and ≥30 ng/mL were defined as having a deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency, respectively. Results: Among patients, 46/113 (40.7%) were male and 67/113 (59.3%) were female. Abnormal MPI was found in 58/113 (51.3%) patients. Vit D deficiency was noted in 20/113 (17.7%) patients, insufficiency in 86/113 (76.1%) patients, and normal Vit D was noted in only 7/113 (6.2%) patients. Sixteen of the 20 patients (80%) with Vit D deficiency, and 38/86 (44.2%) with insufficiency had an abnormal MPI SPECT. In contrast, only 1/7 (14.3%) patients with sufficient Vit D levels had an abnormal MPI SPECT. The Mann-Whitney U-test showed that ischemia reduced the values of Vit D. Correlation analysis showed a negative association of Vit D levels with SSS (rho = −0.232, p = 0.014) and SRS (rho = −0.250, p = 0.008). Further evaluation with a Vit D cut off 20 ng/mL retrieved no statistical significance. Finally, Vit D and gender were independently associated with myocardial ischemia. Conclusions: Low Vit D levels may represent a risk factor for myocardial ischemia.

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“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered one of the most serious CVDs. 1,2 CAD is the predominant cause of ischemic heart disease, which often leads to myocardial infarction and death. 3 Coronary heart disease is always caused by reduced blood flow in the heart muscle and the accumulation of fat and plaques in the heart’s arteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential diagnostic signatures for coronary artery disease

Zhang

Guan

2020

J Int Med Res

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Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. We aimed to screen out potential gene signatures and construct a diagnostic model for CAD. Method We downloaded two mRNA profiles, GSE66360 and GSE60993, and performed analyses of differential expression, gene ontology terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The STRING database was used to identify protein–protein interactions (PPI). PPI network visualization and screening out of key genes were performed using Cytoscape software. Finally, a diagnostic model was constructed. Results A total of 2127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in GSE66360, and 527 DEGs in GSE60993. Of the 153 DEGs from both datasets that showed differential expression between CAD patients and controls, 471 biological process terms, 35 cellular component terms, 17 molecular function terms, and 49 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched. The top 20 key genes in the PPI network were identified, and a diagnostic model constructed from five optimal genes that could efficiently separate CAD patients from controls. Conclusion We identified several potential biomarkers for CAD and built a logistic regression model that will provide a valuable reference for future clinical diagnoses and guide therapeutic strategies.

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Gender Disparities in CAD: Women and Ischemic Heart Disease

Cited by 23 publications

References 72 publications

Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 suggests that metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of the burden of ischemic heart disease

Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 suggests that metabolic risk factors are the leading drivers of the burden of ischemic heart disease

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Ischemia

Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential diagnostic signatures for coronary artery disease

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