Gender disparities among United States academic pediatric ophthalmologists: an analysis of publication productivity, academic rank, and NIH funding

Camacci, Mona Lotfipour; Ikpoh, Belinda; Lehman, Erik; Bowie, Esther M; Pantanelli, Seth; Ely, Amanda

doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.06.013

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Gender imbalances exist in academia in many countries, although there are regulations that address job discrimination (Rawstron, 2013). Previous research showed that more men hold professorship than women (Camacci et al, 2020). Based on literature studies, female lecturers consider the importance of balancing life and work (work-life balance) by doing all household affairs and pursuing a career (Mate et al, 2019).…”

Section: Gap Analysis Of Lecturer Career Advancement In the Usa And Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Career advancement comparative perspective study of university lecturer

Kurniawati

Saleh

Muluk

2021

JKP

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Globalization and international standard universities trend drive the higher education system to become more dynamic and innovative. The lecturer is a profession that drives and encourages university competitiveness. Therefore, better career advancement and development are vital in encouraging higher education competitiveness. The United States of America (USA) is currently a world-class university orientation, followed by Australia. Hence, other countries, especially developing countries, should know the USA and Australia higher education system, especially in the lecturers’ career advancement and development. This study is necessary to answer research questions about comparing academic career advancement systems in the USA and Australia. This study will give other countries new insight into academic career advancement. The researchers apply the findings from a systematic review. This study focuses on six aspects discussed: regulations, educational qualifications, lecturer obligation status in the higher education, career ladder, career advancement stages, and the lecturers' duties also responsibilities in lecturer career advancement in the USA and Australia. This study examines the gap between lecturers' career advancement systems in the USA and Australia comprehensively. The researchers observe by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the lecturer career advancement system in the USA and Australia. Also, the researchers compare the results using comparative public administration theory.

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Section: Gap Analysis Of Lecturer Career Advancement In the Usa And Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Career advancement comparative perspective study of university lecturer

Kurniawati

Saleh

Muluk

2021

JKP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Kalavar and colleagues 1 show that while women are wellrepresented at AAPOS meetings and in this journal, they are allotted disproportionately fewer oral paper presentations as opposed to poster presentations, and they remain underrepresented in positions of prominence and leadership, such as named lecturers and program committee chairs. Meanwhile, Camacci and colleagues 2 show that women in academic pediatric ophthalmology tend to be in earlier stages of their careers than men and find that, after taking career length into account, research productivity differs little between men and women.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Women already constitute 50% of pediatric ophthalmology faculty overall, compared to 40% for all ophthalmology, and 58% of pediatric ophthalmologists at the assistant professor level versus 48% for all ophthalmology. 2,4 If these trends persist, women will handily outnumber men in academic pediatric ophthalmology within the next decade. This is paradoxically at once a tale of success and a reflection of gender barriers.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…12 It is frankly remarkable that women as a group are as productive as they are. 2 The academic environment will doubtless evolve as it diversifies, to the benefit of all: changes that are conducive to the success of women will benefit both men and women, and diversity in leadership is a strength (consider the trajectories of countries led by women in the context of the current coronavirus pandemic). Meanwhile, though, the status quo is itself a barrier to diversification, as evidenced by the time it has taken for incremental change to get us where we are today.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…1 The position could be offered to a younger woman with a lower h-index but similar m-quotient rather than to a man who is more established. 2 Ten years ago Cruz and colleagues 14 lamented the fact that the mean tenure for ophthalmology department chairs had dropped from 20 to 15 years, arguing that stability was in peril; but thoughtful succession planning would be another way to hasten evolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender equality: reflections on an elusive goal

Tarczy-Hornoch

2020

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

Rousta,

Hussein,

Kohly

2024

JAMA Ophthalmol

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ImportanceSex-based research in medicine has revealed inequities against females on almost every metric at almost every career stage; ophthalmology is no exception.ObjectiveTo systematically review the experiences of females in ophthalmology (FiO) from training through practice in high-income countries (HICs).Evidence ReviewA systematic review of English-language studies, published between January 1990 and May 2022, relating to FiO in HICs was performed. PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase electronic databases were searched, as well as the Journal of Academic Ophthalmology as it was not indexed in the searched databases. Studies were organized by theme at each career stage, starting in medical school when an interest in ophthalmology is expressed, and extending up to retirement.FindingsA total of 91 studies, 87 cross-sectional and 4 cohort, were included. In medical school, mentorship and recruitment of female students into ophthalmology was influenced by sex bias, with fewer females identifying with ophthalmologist mentors and gender stereotypes perpetuated in reference letters written by both male and female referees. In residency, females had unequal learning opportunities, with lower surgical case volumes than male trainees and fewer females pursued fellowships in lucrative subspecialties. In practice, female ophthalmologists had lower incomes, less academic success, and poorer representation in leadership roles. Female ophthalmologists had a greater scholarly impact factor than their male counterparts, but this was only after approximately 30 years of publication experience. Pervasive throughout all stages of training and practice was the experience of greater sexual harassment among females from both patients and colleagues. Despite these disparities, some studies found that females reported equal overall career satisfaction rating with males in ophthalmology, whereas others suggested higher burnout rates.Conclusions and RelevanceOphthalmology is approaching sex parity, however, the increase in the proportion of females in ophthalmology had not translated to an increase in female representation in leadership positions. Sex disparities persisted across many domains including recruitment, training, practice patterns, academic productivity, and income. Interventions may improve sex equity in the field.

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Gender disparities among United States academic pediatric ophthalmologists: an analysis of publication productivity, academic rank, and NIH funding

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Career advancement comparative perspective study of university lecturer

Career advancement comparative perspective study of university lecturer

Gender equality: reflections on an elusive goal

Sex Disparities in Ophthalmology From Training Through Practice

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