Gender Differences of Arterial Stiffness and Arterial Age in Smokers

Mozoş, Ioana; Maidana, Jean Paul; Stoian, Dana; Stehlík, Milan

doi:10.3390/ijerph14060565

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, the literature shows directly influence of smoking on vascular stiffness and arterial age of increased values of serum lipids, continuous activation of sympathetic nervous system and the rise of blood pressure. These chronic modifications associated to smoking leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease [ 26]. Our studied population was asymptomatic smoking young adults; however, they already presented reduced value of volume parameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Comparison of morphometry and ventricular function of healthy and smoking young people

Batista

Garcia

Franco

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: Tobacco smoke is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and damages in the myocardial tissue directly. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been used and is a promising tool to evaluate morphometry and cardiac function in humans. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations of smoking with morphometry and cardiac function by CMR technique in young adult smokers. Methods: Altogether, 49 volunteers (22 smokers and 27 non-smokers) were included in the study. The comparisons between groups were performed by multiple linear regression adjusting for body mass index and gender. Results: In the morphometric and functional evaluation of the left ventricle, we observed statistical significant lower values of end-diastolic volume (EDV) (p = 0.02), ejection volume (EV) (p = 0.001) and indexed ejection volume (IEV) (p = 0.007) in smokers when compared to no-smoker group. Right ventricle showed statistical significant lower values of EDV (p = < 0.001), end-systolic volume (p = 0.01), EV (p = < 0.001), IEV (p = 0.001), indexed end-diastolic volume (p = 0.001) and major axis (p = 0.01) in smokers when compared to non-smokers group. Conclusions: There is a strongly association of smoking in young adult and cardiac function decline, even adjusted by cofounders, which compromises the proper functioning of the heart. Evidence confirms that smoking can directly influence the cardiac function, even without atherosclerosis or other chronic comorbidities, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Comparison of morphometry and ventricular function of healthy and smoking young people

Batista

Garcia

Franco

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…First, this was a retrospective study and a relatively small number of male smokers were enrolled; thus, the data may be biased. A previous study indicated that arterial stiffness was significantly different between male and female smokers . Second, we may have underestimated the prevalence of smoking and the possibility of misclassification of smoker and non‐smoker groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study indicated that arterial stiffness was significantly different between male and female smokers. 34 Second, we may have underestimated the prevalence of smoking and the possibility of misclassification of smoker and nonsmoker groups. Many studies have indicated a problem with underestimation in self-reported smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effect of smoking on cross‐sectional area of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy smokers without COPD

Park

Shin

et al. 2019

Clinical Respiratory J

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Introduction Because it induces systemic inflammation, smoking is a risk factor of atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. The brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cross‐sectional area (CSA) of small pulmonary vessels can be useful markers to assess early changes of arterial stiffness and pulmonary vascular alteration in smokers. Objectives This study aimed to explore association between the CSA of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy male smokers. Methods We enrolled 90 male non‐smokers and 90 male smokers (age: 51.5 ± 9.7 years and 52.1 ± 7.9 years, respectively). All subjects underwent chest computed tomography (CT), pulmonary function test and baPWV measurement. We evaluated the total CSAs less than 5 mm2 using ImageJ software and divided by the total lung area (%CSA<5). We compared the association between baPWV and %CSA<5 in two groups as well as correlations among the amount of smoking, baPWV and %CSA<5. Multiple linear regression analysis using %CSA<5 as the dependent variable was also performed. Results The mean baPWV and mean %CSA<5 were significantly different between the smokers and non‐smokers. The pack‐years was significantly correlated with %CSA<5 (r = −0.631, P < 0.001) and baPWV (r = 0.534, P < 0.001) in smokers. In multiple linear regression analysis, age, pack‐years, FEV1/FVC and baPWV were associated with %CSA<5, regardless of body mass index, blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusions There is a dose‐response relationship between cigarette smoking and the CSA of small pulmonary vessels and arterial stiffness, respectively. Arterial stiffness, age, pack‐years and mild airflow impairment are independent predictors of small pulmonary vascular destruction in smokers.

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“…Oxidative stress and inflammation are responsible for a reduced level of antioxidants (Kim et al, 2010 ). Smoking is a potent oxidative stressor, able to impair arterial elasticity and endothelial function (Kim et al, 2010 ; Mozos et al, 2017b ), and lycopene was the only major serum carotenoid able to reduce the atherosclerotic risk in current and former smokers according to the Rotterdam Study (Klipstein-Grobusch et al, 2000 ).…”

Section: Lycopenementioning

confidence: 99%

Lycopene and Vascular Health

et al. 2018

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Lycopene is a lipophilic, unsaturated carotenoid, found in red-colored fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, watermelon, papaya, red grapefruits, and guava. The present work provides an up to date overview of mechanisms linking lycopene in the human diet and vascular changes, considering epidemiological data, clinical studies, and experimental data. Lycopene may improve vascular function and contributes to the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The main activity profile of lycopene includes antiatherosclerotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, antiplatelet, anti-apoptotic, and protective endothelial effects, the ability to improve the metabolic profile, and reduce arterial stiffness. In this context, lycopene has been shown in numerous studies to exert a favorable effect in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, stroke and several other cardiovascular disorders, although the obtained results are sometimes inconsistent, which warrants further studies focusing on its bioactivity.

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Gender Differences of Arterial Stiffness and Arterial Age in Smokers

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Comparison of morphometry and ventricular function of healthy and smoking young people

Comparison of morphometry and ventricular function of healthy and smoking young people

Adverse effect of smoking on cross‐sectional area of small pulmonary vessel and arterial stiffness in healthy smokers without COPD

Lycopene and Vascular Health

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