Gender differences in work-home interplay and symptom perception among Swedish white-collar employees

Abstract

Even among matched groups of full-time employed, well-educated men and women, traditional gender differences in division of responsibilities and time allocation were found. Even though the women were healthy at this stage, they might risk future ill health, owing to high workload, stress and feelings of conflicting demands.

A gender approach to work ability and its relationship to professional and domestic work hours among nursing personnel

“…Data cannot be generalized to other populations and occupational groups, as educational level and socioeconomic status are important factors to be considered (Artazcoz et al, 2004). When analysing the potential beneficial aspects of multiple roles, Berntsson et al (2006) emphasized that "it is not only a question of whether many roles are a resource or a burden; it may also be that such a situation is beneficial to a certain level but becomes a burden when the workload becomes too high" (p. 1070).…”

Job strain and informal caregiving as predictors of long-term sickness absence: A longitudinal multi-cohort study

“…Informal caregiving as a predictor of long-term sickness absence among women may be a consequence of role overload ascribed to additional responsibilities in daily living (10). Women have been increasingly engaged in full-time employment, but still carry the largest household workload (23,46), and might therefore be more likely than men to experience any health consequences due to the joint effects of paid work, household chores, and informal caregiving (47,48). In line with this, previous studies have shown that women are more likely to take the role as primary caregiver (49)(50)(51), and more often assist with basic and instrumental activities of daily living (49,52).…”

Job Stress in Young Physicians with an Emphasis on the Work-Home Interface: A Nine-Year, Nationwide and Longitudinal Study of its Course and Predictors

“…There has been no other large prospective study of emotional distress among female physicians, except one study of general practitioners 23) , although we expect that women may be more exposed to such stress. Even in a Scandinavian country with reasonably equitable working conditions across the genders, women still experience a greater total workload because they incur greater domestic responsibilities than men 24) . We also expect that personality traits may be important 25,26) , and have recently found that both neuroticism and conscientiousness may predict stress at medical school level 27) , and that neuroticism is a major predictor of general work stress during internship 28) .…”