Gender differences in willingness for childbirth, fertility knowledge, and value of motherhood or fatherhood and their associations among college students in South Korea

Abstract

Background South Korea is a country with a very low fertility rate and there is a tendency for young adults to postpone marriage and childbirth, which affects adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is important for young adults to predict and prepare in advance for future fertility-related issues, especially by identifying their willingness and thoughts about childbirth for both women and men. This study aimed to investigate gender differences in willingness for childbirth, fertility knowledge, and the value of motherhood or fatherhood among college students in South Korea and to explore the factors influencing willingness for childbirth. Methods This was a cross sectional study among 286 unmarried college students who were recruited through a campus email and online communities for college student conducted from June 20, 2021 to July 19, 2021. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and t-test to identify gender differences in general characteristics, willingness for childbirth, fertility knowledge, and value of motherhood of fatherhood. The factors influencing willingness for childbirth were examined using multiple logistic regression. Results Female students showed lower willingness for future childbirth than male students (χ2 = 26.85, p < .001). Women valued motherhood significantly less than men valued fatherhood (t = 6.34, p < .001). Women had a lower fertility knowledge score than men (t = 2.53 p = .012). The value of motherhood or fatherhood was an important influencing factor in both male and female college students (AOR = 8.57, 95% CI = 3.79–19.41 and AOR = 10.42, 95% CI = 3.65–29.80, respectively), whereas the monthly allowance was also an important influencing factor in female students (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.01–1.03). Conclusions The findings indicate the future direction to develop effective interventions considering gender differences which will promote healthy pregnancy and childbirth in the future for informed reproductive decision-making for college students.

Female university students’ fertility intentions and their psychosocial factors: a cross-sectional survey in Nanjing, China

“…Since fertility behavior in society occurs mainly among young people aged 20-35, and the fertility intentions of these young people of marriageable age have a greater impact on realistic fertility outcomes, university students have been the focus of attention in previous studies as a special young group. Previous surveys of university students in countries such as Denmark, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia have shown that while most females are willing to have children, at the same time most of them plan to delay childbearing [9][10][11]. In China, studies on fertility intentions have mainly focused on married people [12][13][14][15][16], and the few social surveys that have been conducted on university students, most of whom are male and female [17][18][19], do not truly reflect the fertility intentions of a particular gender.…”