Gender differences in the influence of social isolation and loneliness on depressive symptoms in college students: a longitudinal study

Liu, Huijun; Zhang, Mengru; Yang, Qing; Yu, Bin

doi:10.1007/s00127-019-01726-6

Cited by 95 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Importantly, they typically assessed and controlled for confounds and could assess the most plausible direction of causality between loneliness/social isolation and mental health. and Table 3 [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79] describe the 60 studies that examined the impact of loneliness on mental health. A total of 53 studies stated that they measured the impact of loneliness on mental health.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 53 studies stated that they measured the impact of loneliness on mental health. Seven studies stated that they measured the impact of social isolation 39,45,50,59,69,70,72 on mental health, but the social isolation measures used were either subscales or questions from loneliness scales, or strongly overlapped with the construct of loneliness. Therefore, we have considered them together with studies that measured loneliness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There may also be sex differences, with some research indicating that loneliness was more strongly associated with elevated depression symptoms in girls and with elevated social anxiety in boys. 70,71 The length of loneliness appears to be a predictor of future mental health problems. 73 This is of particular relevance in the COVID-19 context, as politicians in different countries consider the length of time that schools should remain closed, and the implementation of social distancing within schools.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…61,62,64,65,[67][68][69][70][71][72][74][75][76][77]79,80 Several of these were In all, 12 of the 15 studies found that loneliness is associated with depression and explained a significant amount of the variance in severity of depression symptoms several months to several years later. 61,62,64,65,[67][68][69][70][71][72][74][75][76][77]79,80 Two studies found that loneliness in childhood at age 5 years was not associated with depression several years later, 73,74 although other studies that assessed loneliness during childhood found evidence that it is associated with subsequent depression. 61,64 One large study of adolescents (n ¼ 3,088) found that loneliness was not associated with depression 1 year later.…”

Section: Impact Of Loneliness On Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A study of university students found evidence of a sex difference, with loneliness being associated with later depression in female participants but not in male participants. 70 In a large longitudinal cohort of vulnerable young people, aged 11 to 17 years, after controlling for caregiver neglect and other relevant covariates, a substantial increase in self-reported peer isolation (1 SD) was associated with an increase in depression symptoms (0.49 SD). 62 Duration of peer loneliness rather than intensity of peer loneliness was associated with depression 8 years later (ie, from age 5 to age 13 years); in contrast, family-related loneliness was not independently associated with subsequent depression.…”

Section: Impact Of Loneliness On Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19

Loades

Chatburn

Higson-Sweeney

et al. 2020

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

2,044

1,773

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Objective: Disease containment of COVID-19 has necessitated widespread social isolation. We aimed to establish what is known about how loneliness and disease containment measures impact on the mental health in children and adolescents. Method: For this rapid review, we searched MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and Web of Science for articles published between January 1, 1946, and March 29, 2020. Of the articles, 20% were double screened using predefined criteria, and 20% of data was double extracted for quality assurance. Results: A total of 83 articles (80 studies) met inclusion criteria. Of these, 63 studies reported on the impact of social isolation and loneliness on the mental health of previously healthy children and adolescents (n ¼ 51,576; mean age 15.3 years). In all, 61 studies were observational, 18 were longitudinal, and 43 were cross-sectional studies assessing self-reported loneliness in healthy children and adolescents. One of these studies was a retrospective investigation after a pandemic. Two studies evaluated interventions. Studies had a high risk of bias, although longitudinal studies were of better methodological quality. Social isolation and loneliness increased the risk of depression, and possibly anxiety at the time at which loneliness was measured and between 0.25 and 9 years later. Duration of loneliness was more strongly correlated with mental health symptoms than intensity of loneliness. Conclusion: Children and adolescents are probably more likely to experience high rates of depression and most likely anxiety during and after enforced isolation ends. This may increase as enforced isolation continues. Clinical services should offer preventive support and early intervention where possible and be prepared for an increase in mental health problems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Loneliness On Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Impact Of Loneliness On Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19

Loades

Chatburn

Higson-Sweeney

et al. 2020

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

2,044

1,773

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Cumulative loneliness and subsequent memory function and rate of decline among adults aged ≥50 in the United States, 1996 to 2016

Westrick

Kobayashi

2022

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction The study objective was to investigate the association between loneliness duration and memory function over a 20‐year period. Methods Data were from 9032 adults aged ≥50 in the Health and Retirement Study. Loneliness status (yes vs. no) was assessed biennially from 1996 to 2004 and its duration was categorized as never, 1 time point, 2 time points, and ≥3 time points. Episodic memory was assessed from 2004 to 2016 as a composite of immediate and delayed recall trials combined with proxy‐reported memory. Mixed‐effects linear regression models were fitted. Results A longer duration of loneliness was associated with lower memory scores (P < 0.001) and a faster rate of decline (P < 0.001). The association was stronger among adults aged ≥65 than those aged <65 (three‐way interaction P = 0.013) and was stronger among women than men (three‐way interaction P = 0.002). Discussion Cumulative loneliness may be a salient risk factor for accelerated memory aging, especially among women aged ≥65. Highlight A longer duration of loneliness was associated with accelerated memory aging. The association was stronger among women than men and among older adults than the younger. Reducing loneliness in mid‐ to late life may help maintain memory function.

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Children patients with COVID‐19: How can parental and peer support lessen the psychological burden of isolation

Alrashidi,

Ahmed,

Abdelmonem

et al. 2023

Nursing Open

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AimTo assess the effect of parental and peer support on children's self‐esteem during the isolation period in COVID‐19‐infected children is the main objective of this study.DesignThis is a descriptive cross‐sectional study. One hundred ninety children with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID‐19 were included.MethodsA survey questionnaire to assess family and children's demographic characteristics was used for this study. A 13‐item scale to assess parental support during the isolation period and a 10‐item scale to assess peers' support during the isolation period were evaluated. Along with it, a 10‐item scale to assess self‐esteem during the isolation period was also measured.ResultsHome isolation was associated with higher parental and peer support scores than hospital isolation. The mean age of study participants was 13.23 ± 4.05 years; 52.6% were isolated at home versus 47.4% in hospital isolation. Phone calling and WhatsApp/messenger chat were methods of communication for 44.2% and 33.2% of patients, respectively. 6.3% of them had no method of communication. Child self‐esteem was significantly affected by both parental and peer support during isolation. The increase in pronounced negative psychological effects such as disorientation, anger, low self‐esteem and post‐traumatic distress may be caused by a lack of parental care.No patient or public contribution to this studyPatients or the general public were not involved in the design, analysis or interpretation of the data in this study. The study's aim and objectives were developed based on children's self‐esteem, which was limited by questionnaire data information, so the researchers completed demographic and disease‐related questionnaires by interviewing them.

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Gender differences in the influence of social isolation and loneliness on depressive symptoms in college students: a longitudinal study

Cited by 95 publications

References 35 publications

Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19

Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19

Cumulative loneliness and subsequent memory function and rate of decline among adults aged ≥50 in the United States, 1996 to 2016

Children patients with COVID‐19: How can parental and peer support lessen the psychological burden of isolation

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