Gender Differences in The Factors associated with Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults—A Cross-Sectional Study

Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Al-Ahmadi, Jawaher; Bahijri, Suhad; Ajabnoor, Ghada; Jambi, Hanan; Enani, Sumia; Eldakhakhny, Basmah Medhat; Alsheikh, Lubna; Borai, Anwar; Tuomilehto, Jaakko

doi:10.3390/ijerph182111371

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 75 publications

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“…The overall increasing trends in hypertension seen across all the patient journey touchpoints pose a major challenge to the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia. The gender differences observed in hypertension prevalence has a physiological basis as suggested by few gender-based analytical studies [57,[57][58][59]. The experimental models of hypertension show a higher level of angiotensin II receptors (type 1; AT 1 ), which are mainly responsible for vasoconstriction, sodium reabsorption, and eventual rise in BP, in males vs. females [59].…”

Section: Hypertension: Gaps Along Patient Journey Touchpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient journey for hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia: highlighting the evidence gaps

et al. 2023

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Background In recent years, Saudi Arabia has witnessed staggering rates of hypertension and dyslipidemia-related cardiovascular (CV) deaths, overburdening the healthcare ecosystem of the country. Appropriate public health interventions can be devised through quantitative mapping of evidence. Identification of potential data gaps can prioritize future research needs and develop a ‘best-fit’ framework for patient-centric management of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Methods This review quantified data gaps in the prevalence and key epidemiological touchpoints of the patient journey including awareness, screening, diagnosis, treatment, adherence, and control in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia. Studies published in English between January 2010 and December 2021 were identified through a structured search on MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, and PubMed databases. An unstructured search on public and government websites, including Saudi Ministry of Health, without date limits was carried out to fill data gaps. After exclusion of studies based on predefined criteria, a total of 14 studies on hypertension and 12 studies and one anecdotal evidence for dyslipidemia were included in the final analyses. Results The prevalence of hypertension was reported to be 14.0%–41.8% while that for dyslipidemia was 12.5%–62.0%. The screening rate for hypertension was 100.0% as revealed by the nationwide surveys. Among hypertensive patients, only 27.6%–61.1% patients were aware of their condition, 42.2% patients underwent diagnosis, 27.9%–78.9% patients received antihypertensive treatment, 22.5% patients adhered to treatment medication, while blood pressure (BP) control was achieved in 27.0%–45.0% patients. Likewise, among patients with dyslipidemia, 10.5%–47.3% patients were aware of their condition, 34.6% patients were screened, and 17.8% underwent diagnosis. Although high treatment rates ranging from 40.0%–94.0% were reported, medication adherence recorded was 45.0%–77.4% among the treated patients. The overall low control rates ranged from 28.0%–41.5%. Conclusions The study findings highlight evidence gaps along key touchpoints of patient journey. Reinforcing the efforts for high-quality evidence-based research at a national level may pave a path for better resource utilization and provide guidance to practice and amend health policies for patients, healthcare practitioners (HCPs), and healthcare policy makers for better patient outcomes in Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Hypertension: Gaps Along Patient Journey Touchpointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient journey for hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia: highlighting the evidence gaps

et al. 2023

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Prevalence of Prehypertension among Saudi Adults: A Narrative Review

Al-Kadi¹

2022

TOCMJ

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Background: Prehypertension is a pre-disease state wherein an individual has a blood pressure (BP) measurement above normal (≥120/80 mmHg) but below the hypertensive range (<140/90 mmHg). Large population-based studies have shown that individuals with a BP in the prehypertensive range have an increased risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular events. Despite these risks and high mortality rates associated with pre-hypertension, there are currently no reviews that define the prevalence of pre-hypertension in the Saudi population. Objective: To determine the magnitude of the pre-hypertension problem among Saudi adults and identify areas for future research based on the current gaps in the literature. Methods: This narrative review considers studies addressing the prevalence of pre-hypertension among Saudi adults; 8 studies were identified for this review. Results: In total, 14,782 men and women participated in these studies. The overall prevalence of pre-hypertension in both sexes ranged from 18.5-54.9%. Men had higher rates of pre-hypertension (24.7-66.1%) than women (7-48.1%).A modifiable risk factor reported in the majority of the studies was increased adiposity. Conclusion: Lifestyle changes to reduce weight may be effective in preventing or at least delaying the progression to hypertension and its associated cardiovascular events. Large, prospective, epidemiological studies are needed to estimate the risk of incident hypertension and cardiovascular events in pre-hypertension patients. Randomized clinical trials are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification and/or pharmacotherapy in reducing the risk of incident hypertension.

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Prevalence and Associated Predictors of Hypertension in Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules at the Royal Commission Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Khair¹,

Ahmed²,

Alharbi³

et al. 2023

Cardiol Cardiovasc Med

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Gender Differences in The Factors associated with Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults—A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Patient journey for hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia: highlighting the evidence gaps

Patient journey for hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia: highlighting the evidence gaps

Prevalence of Prehypertension among Saudi Adults: A Narrative Review

Prevalence and Associated Predictors of Hypertension in Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules at the Royal Commission Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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