Gender differences in the cognitive control of emotion: An fMRI study

Koch, Kathrin; Pauly, Katharina; Kellermann, Thilo; Seiferth, Nina; Reske, Martina; Backes, Volker; Stöcker, Tony; Shah, N. Jon; Amunts, Katrin; Kircher, Tilo; Schneider, Frank; Habel, Ute

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.04.012

Cited by 263 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Regression analysis revealed that they might be linked to differences in how efficiently music structural cues are relied upon. These findings add to the emerging evidence on individual differences in emotion processing (e.g., Cremers et al, 2010;Hamann & Canli, 2004;Koch et al, 2007). Mechanisms supporting emotion recognition in music are robust, but also dynamic and variable: they are changed by life experiences.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Age and Musical Expertise Influence Emotion Recognition in Music

Castro

Lima

2014

Music Perception

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WE INVESTIGATED HOW AGE AND MUSICAL EXPERTISE influence emotion recognition in music. Musically trained and untrained participants from two age cohorts, young and middle-aged adults (N ¼ 80), were presented with music excerpts expressing happiness, peacefulness, sadness, and fear/threat. Participants rated how much each excerpt expressed the four emotions on 10-point scales. The intended emotions were consistently perceived, but responses varied across groups. Advancing age was associated with selective decrements in the recognition of sadness and fear/threat, a finding consistent with previous research (Lima & Castro, 2011a); the recognition of happiness and peacefulness remained stable. Years of music training were associated with enhanced recognition accuracy. These effects were independent of domain-general cognitive abilities and personality traits, but they were echoed in differences in how efficiently music structural cues (e.g., tempo, mode) were relied upon. Thus, age and musical expertise are experiential factors explaining individual variability in emotion recognition in music.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 65%

Age and Musical Expertise Influence Emotion Recognition in Music

Castro

Lima

2014

Music Perception

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“…Previous research on the effect of negative olfactory stimulation on cognitive functioning also found detrimental effects on performance in a working memory task, though there were large inter-individual differences in the degree to which performance was impaired by a negative odour [8,30,31]. It appears that, while the active maintenance of information in working memory may be impaired by negative olfactory stimulation, the inhibition of dominant or automatic response tendencies in the Stroop task might be enhanced by it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aversive odour presentation on inhibitory control in the Stroop colour-word interference task

et al. 2010

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BackgroundDue to the unique neural projections of the olfactory system, odours have the ability to directly influence affective processes. Furthermore, it has been shown that emotional states can influence various non-emotional cognitive tasks, such as memory and planning. However, the link between emotional and cognitive processes is still not fully understood. The present study used the olfactory pathway to induce a negative emotional state in humans to investigate its effect on inhibitory control performance in a standard, single-trial manual Stroop colour-word interference task. An unpleasant (H2S) and an emotionally neutral (Eugenol) odorant were presented in two separate experimental runs, both in blocks alternating with ambient air, to 25 healthy volunteers, while they performed the cognitive task.ResultsPresentation of the unpleasant odorant reduced Stroop interference by reducing the reaction times for incongruent stimuli, while the presentation of the neutral odorant had no effect on task performance.ConclusionsThe odour-induced negative emotional state appears to facilitate cognitive processing in the task used in the present study, possibly by increasing the amount of cognitive control that is being exerted. This stands in contrast to other findings that showed impaired cognitive performance under odour-induced negative emotional states, but is consistent with models of mood-congruent processing.

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“…59,60 As sex effects were not of primary interest to us, we treated sex as a nuisance covariate, but another productive approach would be to explicitly assess whether differential responses are observed in men and women during emotional go/no-go conditions and whether these putative sex differences are present to a similar degree in people with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%