Gender differences in the association of hypertension with gamma–glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels in Chinese adults in Qingdao, China

Ren, Jie; Sun, Jianping; Feng, Na; Pang, Zengchang; Qie, Liangyi; Qiao, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.jash.2015.09.014

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, inconsistent results have been found in population-based studies between ALT and hypertension [12][13][14]. Some studies revealed that plasma ALT was related to blood pressures (BP) [15], and the prevalence of hypertension was obviously increased with serum ALT levels [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

Jia

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Inconsistent results were found in the association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hypertension among population-based studies. This study evaluated the association between ALT and hypertension among Chinese reproductive-age population by utilizing registration data from National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project in 2016–2017. Methods The 21,103,790 registered participants were eligible for analysis, including women who were 20–49 years old and men who were 20–59 years old with available data for ALT and blood pressure (BP). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) for the association between ALT and hypertension as a binary outcome. Linear regression was used to examine the association between ALT and BP as a continuous outcome. Results In total, 4.21% of the participants were hypertensive, and 11.67% had elevated ALT (> 40 U/L). Hypertension prevalence was 3.63% and 8.56% among participants with normal and elevated ALT levels. A strong linear relationship was found between serum ALT levels and the odds of hypertension after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for hypertension were 1, 1.22 (1.21, 1.22), 1.67 (1.65 1.68), 1.78 (1.76, 1.80), and 1.92 (1.90, 1.94) in participants with ALT levels of ≤ 20, 20.01–40, 40.01–60, 60.01–80, and > 80 U/L, respectively. Systolic and diastolic BPs rose by 1.83 and 1.20 mmHg on average, for each 20 U/L increase in ALT (P for trend < 0.001). The association was consistent among subgroups and tended to be stronger among populations who are overweight (body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2) (χ2 = 52,228, P < 0.001), alcohol drinking (χ2 = 100,730, P < 0.001) and cigarette smoking (χ2 = 105,347, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our cross-sectional analysis suggested a linear association between serum ALT and hypertension or BP, which indicated that abnormal liver metabolism marked by elevated serum ALT could play a role in hypertension or elevated BP condition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

Jia

Yang

Liu

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…Some researchers reported that ALT level was associated with an increased risk of elevated blood pressure, [ 14 – 16 ] whereas other studies did not observe a significant association. [ 9 , 10 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender difference in the association between aminotransferase levels and hypertension in a Chinese elderly population

Jiang

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Few epidemiological studies have examined the association between serum aminotransferase levels and hypertension, and have yielded inconsistent results.A cross-sectional study was performed in a Chinese rural elderly population. A total of 2174 participants with normal range of aminotransferase levels and without excessive drinking were included in the present study. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured on fasting morning serum samples using the Kinetic method. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg and/or receiving treatment for hypertension. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the association between gender-specific aminotransferase levels and hypertension.Increased serum ALT but not AST level was positively associated with hypertension. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the association of hypertension and ALT level was only significant in women: for each 1 IU/L elevation of ALT level, the adjusted odds ratio (OR), and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of hypertension was 1.04 (1.01, 1.07); the ORs of hypertension increased across tertiles of ALT, and the ORs (95% CIs) were 1.00, 1.17 (0.85, 1.60), and 1.63 (1.15, 2.31 (P value for trend = .021). Furthermore, the association was only significant in central obesity women or nondrinking women.ALT level was significantly associated with hypertension only in women in a Chinese rural elderly population. Further studies are warranted to explore the possible gender-related association and to extend them to different populations.

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“…Baseline circulating GGT levels and an increase in GGT over time are associated with an increased risk of hypertension 11 , 12 . This association is stronger in obese men and women than in their lean counterparts 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Levels are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in China: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cheng

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), which is mainly derived from the liver, is a sensitive marker of liver cell damage and oxidative stress. More recently, it has been found that increased GGT plasma activity is also associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, data on the relationship between GGT and cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) are lacking in nationally representative samples of the Chinese population. Here, we aim to investigate both the association between GGT and CRFs and CRF clustering. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a representative sample of 22897 adults aged 18 years and older from 2007 to 2011 nationally, which included a plurality of ethnic minorities. The participants were then divided into quartiles of sex-specific serum GGT. From the low to high GGT quartiles, the incidence of each CRF and clustered risk factors increased after adjusting for age, uric acid (UA), ethnicity, drinking, and all other risk factors. Individuals in the upper stratum (>75th percentile) had higher prevalence rates of CRFs than did those in the lower stratum (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, the subjects with clustering of 1, 2, or ≥3 CRFs were still more likely to belong to the upper GGT quartiles (75th percentiles) than were those without risk factors (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, our data highlight that there is an association between higher serum GGT levels and prevalence of CRFs, which tend to cluster with the increase in GGT activity in Chinese adults.

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Gender differences in the association of hypertension with gamma–glutamyltransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels in Chinese adults in Qingdao, China

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

Gender difference in the association between aminotransferase levels and hypertension in a Chinese elderly population

Serum Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Levels are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in China: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

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