The current study illustrates how researchers developed and validated a
cartoon-based adaptation of a written hostile attributional bias measure for a sample of
urban, low-income, African American boys. A series of studies were conducted to develop
cartoon illustrations to accompany a standard written hostile attributional bias vignette
measure (Study 1), to determine initial psychometric properties (Study 2) and
acceptability (Study 3), and to conduct a test-retest reliability trial of the adapted
measure in a separate sample (Study 4). These studies utilize a participatory action
research approach to measurement design and adaptation, and suggest that collaborations
between researchers and key school stakeholders can lead to measures that are
psychometrically strong, developmentally appropriate, and culturally sensitive. In
addition, the cartoon-based hostile attributional bias measure appears to have promise as
an assessment and/or outcome measure for aggression and bullying prevention programs
conducted with urban African American boys.