Gender Differences in the Activity of the Autonomic Nervous Systems of Healthy and Hypertensive Patients in Russia

Ie, Korobka; Eg, Yakovleva; Ss, Beloosov; Tv, Zarubina; Kg, Korotkov

doi:10.15406/jabb.2017.03.00084

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, contrary to the fact that females have higher HR than males, both in humans and mice (Prabhavathi et al, 2014 ; Yang et al, 2007 ), our study showed the opposite phenomena across control and pancreatic liver groups. This is a curious discrepancy since several studies have reported in humans and conscious rats that healthy females have higher parasympathetic activity than males, which agrees with our findings (Korotkov, 2017 ; Yaghouby et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evidence of sex differences in cancer‐related cardiac complications in mouse models of pancreatic and liver cancer

Gams

Nevarez

Perkail

et al. 2023

Physiological Reports

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Abnormal heart rate variability (HRV) is commonly observed in cancer patients who have undergone targeted therapy and/or surgery, yet the effects of cancer itself on cardiac function remain underexplored. Specifically, there is limited knowledge about sex‐specific manifestations of HRV in cancer patients. Transgenic mouse models are widely used to study different types of cancer. Here, we aimed to investigate the sex‐specific effects of cancer on cardiac function using transgenic mouse models of pancreatic and liver cancers. This study used male and female transgenic mice with cancer and wild‐type controls. Cardiac function was assessed by recording electrocardiograms in conscious mice. RR intervals were detected to determine HRV using time and frequency domain analyses. Histological analysis with Masson's trichrome staining was performed to determine structural changes. In females, increased HRV was observed in both pancreatic and liver cancer‐bearing mice. In contrast, in males, increased HRV was observed only in the liver cancer group. Male pancreatic cancer mice demonstrated autonomic balance shift showing an increase in parasympathetic to sympathetic tone. The heart rate (HR) was higher in control and liver cancer male mice groups than in females. Histological analysis did not show significant sex differences but suggested a higher degree of remodeling in liver cancer mice than in control, specifically in the right atrium and left ventricle. This study revealed sex differences in cancer's HR modulation. Specifically, female cancer mice had lower median HR and higher HRV. These findings indicate that sex must be considered when using HRV as a cancer biomarker.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evidence of sex differences in cancer‐related cardiac complications in mouse models of pancreatic and liver cancer

Gams

Nevarez

Perkail

et al. 2023

Physiological Reports

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“…MxDMn is the difference between A REASONABLE OFFICER minimum and maximum R-R intervals represents the amount of variation. Under psychological or physical stress the distribution of the histogram constricts, while simultaneously increasing in height(Korotkov, 2017). Therefore, high Stress Index values indicate reduced variability and increased SNS activation(Kubios Oy, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reasonable Officer: Examining the Relationship between Stress, Training, and Performance in Use of Force Encounters

Baldwin¹

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High-stress police encounters can evoke psychological and physiological stress reactions in officers, which can result in cognitive and perceptual deficits, as well as inferior performance. These effects can be particularly detrimental during a critical incident, when officers are expected to demonstrate sound judgement and proficient performance. However, limited research exists that objectively measures stress reactivity experienced by police officers during active-duty or the degree of police performance that can reasonably be expected under the levels of stress observed in naturalistic use of force (UoF) encounters, based on the level of experience and training officers have received. This dissertation reports on two studies, one drawing on data from officers during activeduty and the other using an experimental scenario, to examine the relationship between stress, training, and performance in UoF encounters. Study 1 examined autonomic stress responses experienced by 64 police officers, during general duty calls for service and interactions with the public. Officer characteristics, including years of service and training profiles, were also examined to explore whether experience and training impacted cardiovascular reactivity. Study results highlight the sorts of risks that officers are routinely exposed to in the course of their duties, as well as the nature and frequency of the stress reactions experienced by officers. Results also showed that the phase of the call (e.g., encountering a subject) and incident factors (e.g., UoF) significantly increased stress reactivity. Study 2 assessed the performance of 122 officers during a realistic lethal force scenario to examine whether performance was affected by the officer's level of training, years of service, and stress reactivity. Results demonstrated that the scenario produced elevated heart rates, as well as iii A REASONABLE OFFICER perceptual and cognitive distortions, commensurate with those observed in naturalistic settings. The average performance rating from the scenario was 59%, with 27% of participants making at least one lethal force error. Elevated stress was a predictor of poorer performance and increased lethal force errors. Training and years of service had complex effects on both performance and lethal force errors. The results from these two studies provide important insights into the general relationship between stress, training, and performance in UoF encounters. The findings provide LEAs with an opportunity to critically reflect on current training practices and offer a roadmap for making evidence-based improvements to training. They also provide important evidence that may inform the reasonableness standard used in courts of law by painting a realistic picture of police performance under stress given the current training available to officers. Perhaps most importantly, the research identifies a need for a concerted effort to increase police training standards and ensure the necessary infrastructure is in place to achieve them.

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Alterations in heart rate variability before and after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ischaemic heart disease

Seetharam

Shankar

Udupa

et al. 2022

IJPP

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Objectives: Heart rate variability (HRV) is the beat-to-beat variation of heart rate and an important non-invasive tool to study the cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) patients are often considered to have a state of sympathetic predominance. Elimination of myocardial ischaemia with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could restore autonomic balance. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate HRV measures, after successful revascularisation among IHD patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 145 male IHD patients planned for coronary angiography were recruited. Fifteen minutes of electrocardiogram recording was done. Short-term HRV analyses of all the patients were acquired and time-domain indices (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN], root-mean-squared differences of successive R-R intervals [rMSSD]) and frequency-domain indices (low-frequency [LF] power, high-frequency [HF] power and total power [TP]) were analysed. Before and after PCI, all measurements were made. Results: This study included 145 male IHD patients with the mean age of 54.57 ± 10.81 years. There was a significant decrease in SDNN, rMSSD, LF, HF and TP whereas increase in LF/HF ratio following revascularisation. These changes in measures of neurocardiac regulation correlated with risk factors and medication on regression analysis. Conclusion: Increase in LF/HF ratio with the decrease in SDNN, rMSSD, LF, HF and TP in patients with IHD who underwent coronary intervention infers changed cardiac autonomic balance with this surgical procedure. These measures could be potentially used as prognostic measures in the future studies.

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Gender Differences in the Activity of the Autonomic Nervous Systems of Healthy and Hypertensive Patients in Russia

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence of sex differences in cancer‐related cardiac complications in mouse models of pancreatic and liver cancer

Evidence of sex differences in cancer‐related cardiac complications in mouse models of pancreatic and liver cancer

A Reasonable Officer: Examining the Relationship between Stress, Training, and Performance in Use of Force Encounters

Alterations in heart rate variability before and after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ischaemic heart disease

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