Gender Differences in the Across‐Time Associations of the Job Demands‐Control‐Support Model and Depressive Symptoms: A Three‐Wave Study

Armon, Galit; Shirom, Arie; Melamed, Samuel; Shapira, Itzhak

doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01027.x

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…That past depression would predict future depression is consistent with previous research (Armon et al, 2010; Ibrahim et al, 2009). Approximately 6% of symptoms experienced at Wave 1 were carried over to Wave 3 (7 years later).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Depression, which is associated with diminished quality of life, is ranked as the largest contributor to non-fatal health loss (World Health Organization, 2017). Typical characteristics of depression include feelings of hopelessness, trouble sleeping or little pleasure or interest in life’s activities (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), and experiencing these over a sustained period of time (Armon et al, 2010; Ibrahim et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Depressive symptoms and social support among Australian men: A 7-year longitudinal study

Rowland

Swami

Prattley

et al. 2023

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Background: Mental health disorders are ranked globally as the single largest contributor to non-fatal ill-health. Social support can be a means of reducing and managing depression. However, depression can also impact on a person’s level of social support. Objective: As men typically have fewer sources of social support than females, this study investigated the bi-directional associations between depressive symptoms and perceived levels of social support among Australian males, aged 18–63. Methods: Three waves of panel data from Ten to Men: The Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health collected over 7 years (2013–2020) were used. A random intercept cross-lagged panel analysis with 5112 participants was undertaken. Mediating effects and indirect and total effects for lagged and cross-lagged pathways were also examined. Results: Over time, greater social support was found to be associated with lower depression levels, and simultaneously greater levels of depression was found to be associated with lower levels of social support. Standardised cross-lagged effects between waves were mostly similar (β = 0.10). However, mediation analyses identified that only the total effect size of the association for depression at wave 1 predicting social support at wave 3 (β = −0.29) was significant. Mediated effects of social support at wave 1 predicting depression at wave 3 were not significant. Limitations: These include the number of years between each wave, and data were collected during the COVID pandemic. Conclusion: The study provides robust longitudinal evidence supporting the notion that social support and depression are both a cause and consequence of the other. However, the long-term effects of depression reducing social support were longer lasting than the effects of social support reducing depression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and social support among Australian men: A 7-year longitudinal study

Rowland

Swami

Prattley

et al. 2023

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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“…We believe that we partially corrected for this possibility by adjusting for neuroticism and by using a longitudinal design over three periods, which focused on changes in our criteria (e.g. Armon, Shirom, Melamed, & Shapira, 2010; Melamed, Armon, Shirom, Berliner, & Shapira, 2011). Furthermore, self‐reported vigor as measured by the Shirom‐Melamed Vigor Measure (SMVM) has been validated against several objective measures such as inflammation biomarkers (Shirom et al., 2010), diabetes, and mortality risk (Shirom et al., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of the Job Demands‐Control‐Support Model with Vigor across Time: Testing for Reciprocality

Armon¹,

Melamed²,

Shirom³

2012

Applied Psych Health & Well

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We used a longitudinal design to investigate the hypotheses that the components of the Job Demands-Control-Support model and changes in their levels over time predict subsequent changes in levels of positive affect of vigor over time, and vice versa. Our study was conducted on a sample of adults working in a variety of occupations (N = 909, 68% men) at three points in time (T1, T2, and T3), over a period of about four years, controlling for neuroticism and other potential confounding variables. Job control at T1 and increase in its levels from T1 to T2 predicted an increase from T2 to T3 in the levels of vigor, whereas for social support, only its level at T1 predicted an increase from T2 to T3 in levels of vigor. An increase from T1 to T2 in levels of job demands predicted an increase from T2 to T3 in levels of vigor only for those rated low on neuroticism. Vigor at T1 predicted an increase from T2 to T3 in levels of job control and social support, but not changes from T2 to T3 in levels of job demands. The reciprocal causal relationship between job resources and vigor exists regardless of the demands of the work environment.

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“…The questionnaire used in the study covered background, occupational, psychological, and physical morbidity factors. The multiitem indexes constructed for this study had all been included in previous research in Israel (Armon, Shirom, Melamed, & Shapira, 2010; Shirom et al, 2009), where they had exhibited high reliabilities and construct validities. We calculated the respondent's score on each of the indexes by computing the mean of his or her responses to the items in the index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work characteristics as predictors of diabetes incidence among apparently healthy employees.

Toker¹,

Shirom²,

Melamed³

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

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The objective of this article was to investigate the associations of the Job Demand Control-Support (JDC-S) model's components, job demands, job control, and work social support, as well as their interactive terms, with the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Participants were apparently healthy 5,843 men and women who underwent routine health checks at two points of time, about 41 months apart from one another. New cases of diabetes (N = 182) during follow-up period were defined based on fasting glucose value ≥ 126 mg/dl or glycosylated hemoglobin value ≥ 6.5% or self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes and taking medications to treat it. The measures for assessing workload (representing job demands), job control, and work social support were all based on validated scales constructed to test the JDC-S model. In testing the hypotheses, we used logistic regressions and controlled for well-established risk factors for diabetes, including sociodemographic, physiological, and behavioral risk factors. We also controlled for depressive symptoms. The hypothesis that the higher the baseline levels of work social support, the lower the risk of diabetes, was supported (Odd Ratio = .78, significant at the p < .05 level). In an exploratory analysis, workload was found to have a U-shaped relationship with diabetes risk. We did not find direct effects of job control nor of any interactive term including the JDC-S model components on diabetes risk. Work social support is a protective factor, reducing the risk of diabetes. Both underload and overload may increase the risk of diabetes.

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Gender Differences in the Across‐Time Associations of the Job Demands‐Control‐Support Model and Depressive Symptoms: A Three‐Wave Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Depressive symptoms and social support among Australian men: A 7-year longitudinal study

Depressive symptoms and social support among Australian men: A 7-year longitudinal study

The Relationship of the Job Demands‐Control‐Support Model with Vigor across Time: Testing for Reciprocality

Work characteristics as predictors of diabetes incidence among apparently healthy employees.

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