Gender Differences in Sexual Violence Perpetration Behaviors and Validity of Perpetration Reports: A Mixed-Method Study

Jeffrey, Nicole K.; Senn, Charlene Y.

doi:10.1080/00224499.2024.2322591

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…Likewise, contextual analyses that account for gender hierarchies might allow us to see taken-for-granted patterns that change gendered meanings of violence. Jeffrey and Senn (2024), for instance, argued that similar attempts to obtain sex from an unwilling partner functioned differently when made by women and men; women’s attempts were sometimes made to advocate for their otherwise deprioritized sexual pleasure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking back and looking forward: Men and masculinity in psychological research on violence against women.

Jeffrey,

Rice,

Smoliak

2024

Psychology of Men & Masculinities

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In this article, we systematically and critically review the past decade of empirical psychological research (n = 132) on masculinity and violence against women (VAW) to demonstrate an overreliance on individualist and "culturalist" (or culturally essentialist) approaches to theorizing and studying masculinity. Individualist and essentialist approaches assume that masculinity is something men are or possess based on the extent to which they identify with, conform to, or approve of traits or norms (pre)deemed masculine. We argue that these approaches cannot explain why it is men who overwhelmingly practice VAW, or account for the contextual, material, and structural power asymmetries that create conditions for gendered violence. We demonstrate the potentiality of formulations of masculinity (structuralist, poststructuralist, and especially processual) for ending VAW that move beyond individualism and essentialism. While they have helpfully situated masculinity within wider systemic forces, structuralist approaches often overlook how structures operate in constituting masculinities; and they impose false unity by theorizing masculinity through a homogenizing categorical lens. Poststructuralist approaches have accounted for fluidity in the complex construction of masculine subjects, but not for sociomaterial forces, or systemic inequities and modes of structural violence (e.g., neoliberalism, colonialism) that coproduce VAW. We argue that processual approaches, not yet mobilized in the empirical psychological masculinity and VAW literature, offer a particularly productive new way forward in that they map how the individual and social intertwine. We outline implications for theory, research, and praxis. Public Significance StatementPsychologists tend to conceptualize and study masculinity as something that men are or possess, leaving undertheorized how the individual and sociomaterial intertwine in explaining violence. New approaches that understand and study masculinity as constantly shifting with the social and material world will help us better understand and disrupt the links between masculinity and violence against women.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking back and looking forward: Men and masculinity in psychological research on violence against women.

Jeffrey,

Rice,

Smoliak

2024

Psychology of Men & Masculinities

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“I Think You Covered the Three Levels of Drugs and Consent”: Qualitatively Testing Different Operationalizations of an Alcohol and Other Drugs-Involved Sexual Violence

Gesser,

Katz,

Chiu

et al. 2024

Arch Sex Behav

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Substance-involved rape is increasing among college students, particularly women (Koss et al., 2022). Addressing rape requires first measuring it accurately in surveys to understand its true scope and nature. We used cognitive interviews with 40 young adults to qualitatively test the construct validity of an alcohol- and other drugs (AOD)-involved rape item in the Sexual Experiences Survey by asking participants to comment on different operationalizations of this construct. Our findings revealed that different phrasings elicited different interpretations of the items by participants. Specifically, the results indicated that (1) respondents viewed the different operationalizations as a sequence of events with varying severity; (2) some participants focused on the intentionality and responsibility of the perpetrator as opposed to opportunistic perpetration; and (3) study participants consistently chose one of the operationalizations as describing “being roofied” (being drugged without consent). Participants also contributed additional scenarios not described in the questionnaire and shared their interpretations of the items. The results underscore the importance of refining survey language to properly measure AOD-involved rape and allow us to understand how to tailor appropriate questions for best comprehension. The findings indicate the benefit in including several items about AOD-involved rape in questionnaires such as the Sexual Experiences Survey, with each item addressing different scenarios of victim intoxication. The results could also have important implications for sexual violence prevention programs, which should discuss consent, intentions, and responsibility specifically in the context of AOD consumption.

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Preliminary Evidence of Validity for the Verbally Pressured and Illegal Sexual Exploitation Modules of the Sexual Experiences Survey-Victimization

Anderson,

Peterson,

Koss

et al. 2024

The Journal of Sex Research

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Gender Differences in Sexual Violence Perpetration Behaviors and Validity of Perpetration Reports: A Mixed-Method Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 74 publications

Looking back and looking forward: Men and masculinity in psychological research on violence against women.

Looking back and looking forward: Men and masculinity in psychological research on violence against women.

“I Think You Covered the Three Levels of Drugs and Consent”: Qualitatively Testing Different Operationalizations of an Alcohol and Other Drugs-Involved Sexual Violence

Preliminary Evidence of Validity for the Verbally Pressured and Illegal Sexual Exploitation Modules of the Sexual Experiences Survey-Victimization

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