Gender differences in risk factor control and treatment profile in diabetes: a study in 229 Swedish primary health care centres

Nilsson, Peter M.; Theobald, Holger; Journath, Gunilla; Fritz, Tomas

doi:10.1080/02813430310003264

Cited by 75 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Metabolic control was only slightly different between sexes, but tended to be worse in women. Thus, we did not confirm previous studies showing that men have lower HbA 1c levels and/or fewer episodes of ketonuria [21]. Such results were claimed to be a consequence of more intensive care for men [22].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Sex-related psychological effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis Women are at higher risk of diabetesrelated cardiovascular complications than men. We tested the hypothesis that there are sex-specific differences in glucometabolic control, and in social and psychological factors. We also examined the influence of these factors on glucometabolic control. Methods We examined 257 (126 men/131 women) consecutive patients (64±9 years, means±SD) of a metropolitan diabetes outpatient service employing clinical testing and standardised psychological questionnaires. Results Mean HbA 1c (7.6±1.2%) was not different between women and men. Women patients on oral hypoglycaemic agents were better informed about diabetes (p=0.012). They employed more strategies for coping with diabetes, including religion (p=0.0001), active coping (p=0.048) and distraction (p=0.007). Women reported lower satisfaction with social support (p=0.034), but not more depression than men. Although no differences were observed in compliance, insulin-treated patients were more satisfied with their therapy (p=0.007). Variables predicting poor metabolic control were different in men (R 2 =0.737, p=0.012) and women (R 2 =0.597, p=0.019). Major predictors of high HbA 1c included depressive coping, lower sexual desire, quality of life and internal locus of control, but high external doctor-related locus of control in women and frequent emotional experiences of hyperglycaemia in men. Conclusions/interpretation Lower quality of life, internal control and socioeconomic status, and higher prevalence of negative emotions probably prevented woman patients from achieving improved glucose control despite their better knowledge of and greater efforts to cope with diabetes. We suggest that women patients would benefit from individualised diabetes care offering social support, whereas men would benefit from knowledge-based diabetes management giving them more informational and instrumental support.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Sex-related psychological effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2009

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“…In a recent Swedish crosssectional survey female patients with diabetes had less favourable risk-factor control than corresponding male patients [20], an association which was also found in a recent Finnish meta-analysis [26]. However, this could not completely explain the higher mortality risk of diabetic female patients in our study, as this relation remained significant when adjusted for other risk factors.…”

Section: Meaning Of the Studycontrasting

confidence: 47%

Predictors of acute myocardial infarction mortality in hypertensive patients treated in primary care

Bøg-Hansen

Larsson

Gullberg

et al. 2007

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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“…Less than optimal blood pressure control was also observed, as was described earlier in our study sample (8). There seem to be differences in risk factor control between sexes with both hypertension and type 2 diabetes that need further research to be understood (17). Thus, there are subgroups of patients with a substantial increase in risk, and special concern should be directed at them to individualize and intensify their treatment to improve prognosis (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Survival in patients with hypertension treated in primary care A population-based follow-up study in the Skaraborg Hypertension and Diabetes Project

Bøg-Hansen

Merlo

Gullberg

et al. 2004

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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Gender differences in risk factor control and treatment profile in diabetes: a study in 229 Swedish primary health care centres

Cited by 75 publications

References 11 publications

Sex-related psychological effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sex-related psychological effects on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Predictors of acute myocardial infarction mortality in hypertensive patients treated in primary care

Survival in patients with hypertension treated in primary care A population-based follow-up study in the Skaraborg Hypertension and Diabetes Project

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