Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cronström, Anna; Creaby, Mark W.; Nae, Jenny Älmqvist; Ageberg, Eva

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.07.107

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Although previous studies [7,15,24,27] observed sex-specific differences in frontal and sagittal plane knee joint kinematics, the present findings indicate no main effect of sex, as well as no interaction effects with sex. It might be possible that the expertise of our female participants in DJ performance (i. e., DJ screening for inclusion that caused a more homogenous group of participants; no sex-specific differences in DJ heights) could have affected their sagittal and frontal plane knee joint motion behavior in a sense that they were able to prevent knee joint kinematics that potentially increase risk of injury during DJs.…”

Section: Interaction Of Surface and Drop-height Condition On Jump Percontrasting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Drop-height and Surface Instability on Jump Performance and Knee Kinematics

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study was to examine the combined effects of drop-height and surface condition on drop jump (DJ) performance and knee joint kinematics. DJ performance, sagittal and frontal plane knee joint kinematics were measured in jump experienced young male and female adults during DJs on stable, unstable and highly unstable surfaces using different drop-heights (20, 40, 60 cm). Findings revealed impaired DJ performance (Δ5-16%; p<0.05; 1.43≤d≤2.82), reduced knee valgus motion (Δ33-52%; p<0.001; 2.70≤d≤3.59), and larger maximum knee flexion angles (Δ13-19%; p<0.01; 1.74≤d≤1.75) when using higher (60 cm) compared to lower drop-heights (≤40 cm). Further, lower knee flexion angles and velocity were found (Δ8-16%; p<0.01; 1.49≤d≤2.38) with increasing surface instability. When performing DJs from high (60 cm) compared to moderate drop-heights (40 cm) on highly unstable surfaces, higher knee flexion velocity and maximum knee valgus angles were found (Δ15-19%; p<0.01; 1.50≤d≤1.53). No significant main and/or interaction effects were observed for the factor sex. In conclusion, knee motion strategies were modified by the factors 'drop-height' and/or 'surface instability'. The combination of high drop-heights (>40 cm) together with highly unstable surfaces should be used cautiously during plyometrics because this may increase the risk of injury due to higher knee valgus stress.

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Section: Interaction Of Surface and Drop-height Condition On Jump Percontrasting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Drop-height and Surface Instability on Jump Performance and Knee Kinematics

et al. 2017

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“…One explanation for this may be attributed to differences in the magnitude of peak knee abduction between men and women. In line with previous research in women with an intact ACL [26], and women with ACL deficiency [41], we found women to exhibit greater knee abduction compared to men in both functional tasks. This result indicates gender differences in frontal plane knee movements after ACLR, which may contribute to the risk of sustaining a second ACL injury in women [31,32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Pearson's correlation coefficient (continuous data: age, BMI, time since ACLR), Spearman's rank correlation (ordinal data: activity level), and independent T-tests (binary variables: injury data) were used to investigate associations between participant characteristics and peak knee abduction to identify possible covariates for the regression analyses. Since uninjured females seem to have both reduced hip strength [25], different muscle activity patterns [10] and greater knee abduction angles during activity [26] when compared with their male counterparts, separate analyses were performed for men and women.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Cronström

Ageberg

Smith

et al. 2019

Physical Therapy in Sport

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ObjectiveTo investigate if muscle strength and muscle activation patterns are associated with increased knee abduction during two functional tasks, commonly used in rehabilitation for individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design Cross-sectional study Setting LaboratoryParticipants 24 women and 29 men approximately 7 months after ACLR. Main Outcome MeasuresIsometric peak torque of the trunk and lower extremity muscles were determined during maximal voluntary contractions. Trunk and lower extremity average muscle activation amplitude and peak knee abduction were evaluated during the single-leg squat (SLS) and the single-leg hop for distance (SLHD) for the injured side. Separate backward regressions were performed for men and women.2 ResultsIn women, lower knee flexion and extension strength were associated with greater peak knee abduction during the SLS (B= 4.63 -18.26, p≤0.036); lower knee flexion strength and iliocostalis activation on the non-injured side were associated with greater peak knee abduction during the SLHD (B= 0.60 -20.48, p≤0.043). No associations between muscle function and peak knee abduction were found in men. ConclusionsMuscle function may contribute differently to knee abduction in men and women after ACLR. This should be considered when designing rehabilitation programs to reduce knee abduction in these patients.

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“…Additionally, the authors found larger knee valgus angles during drop landings in females vs. males. Most recently, Cronström et al [9] confirmed the reported sex-specific effects on knee valgus angles during jump-landing tasks in a systematic review and meta-analysis. More precisely, women experienced larger knee valgus movements compared to men during motor tasks such as jump landings, running, and cutting which indicates sex-specific strategies for knee injury prevention [9].…”

Section: Knee Joint Angles In Sagittal and Frontal Planementioning

confidence: 85%

“…Several kinematic measures such as insufficient knee flexion [10,30] and/or excessive knee valgus [21,30] appear to be responsible for an increased risk of sustaining non-contact ACL injuries during jump-landing tasks. Further, it has been demonstrated that factors such as fatigue [6,28,33,39], surface condition [1,29,36], and sex [6,9,36] may impair sagittal and frontal plane knee joint kinematics during jumping and landing tasks. In this regard, the findings of the present study showed that fatigue produced significant decreases in knee flexion angles during DJs (i. e., more extended legs) in elite volleyball players.…”

Section: Knee Joint Angles In Sagittal and Frontal Planementioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Fatigue and Surface Instability on Jump Biomechanics in Elite Athletes

et al. 2017

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The present study aimed to examine the effects of fatigue and surface instability on kinetic and kinematic jump performance measures. Ten female and 10 male elite volleyball players (18±2 years) performed repetitive vertical double-leg box jumps until failure. Pre and post fatigue, jump height/performance index, ground reaction force and knee flexion/valgus angles were assessed during drop and countermovement jumps on stable and unstable surfaces. Fatigue, surface condition, and sex resulted in significantly lower drop jump performance and ground reaction force (p≤0.031, 1.1≤d≤3.5). Additionally, drop jump knee flexion angles were significantly lower following fatigue (p=0.006, d=1.5). A significant fatigue×surface×sex interaction (p=0.020, d=1.2) revealed fatigue-related decrements in drop jump peak knee flexion angles under unstable conditions and in men only. Knee valgus angles were higher on unstable compared to stable surfaces during drop jumps and in females compared to males during drop and countermovement jumps (p≤0.054, 1.0≤d≤1.1). Significant surface×sex interactions during countermovement jumps (p=0.002, d=1.9) indicated that knee valgus angles at onset of ground contact were significantly lower on unstable compared to stable surfaces in males but higher in females. Our findings revealed that fatigue and surface instability resulted in sex-specific knee motion strategies during jumping in elite volleyball players.

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Gender differences in knee abduction during weight-bearing activities: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 45 publications

References 94 publications

Effects of Drop-height and Surface Instability on Jump Performance and Knee Kinematics

Effects of Drop-height and Surface Instability on Jump Performance and Knee Kinematics

Factors affecting knee abduction during weight-bearing activities in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Combined Effects of Fatigue and Surface Instability on Jump Biomechanics in Elite Athletes

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