Gender differences in Israeli physicians' career patterns, productivity and family structure

Shye, Diana

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(91)90094-s

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These findings align with gender differences uncovered in other studies of occupational aspirations and time devoted to work (Bhargava, 1986;Browne, 2002;V.R. Fuchs, 1988;Hoffman & Reed, 1982;Shye, 1991;Wood, Corcoran, & Courant, 1993). That these findings are observed in highly talented men and women who are similarly able, similarly aware of their abilities, and similarly satisfied with their current careers and life in general at age 33 Lubinski et al, 2006) indicates that sex differences in occupational outcomes cannot be fully understood by examining only levels and patterns of abilities, interests, values, and opportunity.…”

Section: Conative Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth After 35 Years: Uncovering Antecedents for the Development of Math-Science Expertise

Lubinski

Benbow

2006

Perspect Psychol Sci

462

446

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This review provides an account of the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth (SMPY) after 35 years of longitudinal research. Findings from recent 20-year follow-ups from three cohorts, plus 5- or 10-year findings from all five SMPY cohorts (totaling more than 5,000 participants), are presented. SMPY has devoted particular attention to uncovering personal antecedents necessary for the development of exceptional math-science careers and to developing educational interventions to facilitate learning among intellectually precocious youth. Along with mathematical gifts, high levels of spatial ability, investigative interests, and theoretical values form a particularly promising aptitude complex indicative of potential for developing scientific expertise and of sustained commitment to scientific pursuits. Special educational opportunities, however, can markedly enhance the development of talent. Moreover, extraordinary scientific accomplishments require extraordinary commitment both in and outside of school. The theory of work adjustment (TWA) is useful in conceptualizing talent identification and development and bridging interconnections among educational, counseling, and industrial psychology. The lens of TWA can clarify how some sex differences emerge in educational settings and the world of work. For example, in the SMPY cohorts, although more mathematically precocious males than females entered math-science careers, this does not necessarily imply a loss of talent because the women secured similar proportions of advanced degrees and high-level careers in areas more correspondent with the multidimensionality of their ability-preference pattern (e.g., administration, law, medicine, and the social sciences). By their mid-30s, the men and women appeared to be happy with their life choices and viewed themselves as equally successful (and objective measures support these subjective impressions). Given the ever-increasing importance of quantitative and scientific reasoning skills in modern cultures, when mathematically gifted individuals choose to pursue careers outside engineering and the physical sciences, it should be seen as a contribution to society, not a loss of talent.

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Section: Conative Factorssupporting

confidence: 90%

Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth After 35 Years: Uncovering Antecedents for the Development of Math-Science Expertise

Lubinski

Benbow

2006

Perspect Psychol Sci

462

446

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although researchers in other countries have traditionally used weekly work hours and/or full-time/part-time status (or full-time equivalents) to measure work effort [5,7,17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], data on these variables were not available for our study. To provide information on the physician workforce in Japan that is more detailed, it would be important for future research to consider these variables.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Study And Suggestions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To provide information on the physician workforce in Japan that is more detailed, it would be important for future research to consider these variables. However, it is likely that the difference in work effort between male and female physicians will become even larger if their work hours and/or full-time/part-time status are taken into account; studies worldwide have so far demonstrated that, as a group, practicing female physicians work fewer hours [5,7,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][31][32][33][34] and are more likely to be employed part-time [17,25,29,30,33] than their male colleagues.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Study And Suggestions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender difference in physician workforce participation in Japan

et al. 2009

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“…In their social backgrounds, the doctors had a lot in common: all were males, married with children; all were Jews of Ashkenazi origin, in their mid 40s to mid 50s. This pro® le is not coincidental, as there are relatively few women and oriental Jews among Israeli gynaecologists (Shye, 1991); sperm bank managers we know of in Israel are all males (Avgar, 1997, p. 3;Notzer and Brown, 1995). As will be illustrated, the social uniformity of these doctors was echoed in their attitudes and work routines.…”

Section: J Rit U Ali Z I N G T H E 'N At U Ral Fam I Ly 'mentioning

confidence: 92%