Gender differences in home care clients and admission to long-term care in Ontario, Canada: a population-based retrospective cohort study

Gruneir, Andrea; Forrester, J V; Camacho, Ximena; Gill, Sudeep S.; Bronskill, Susan E.

doi:10.1186/1471-2318-13-48

Cited by 53 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Gruneir et al . ). Another gender difference is that women tend to have higher levels of social contacts than men (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Noel‐Miller ; Gruneir et al . ). While some research has found no difference between men and women in the amount of formal home help received (Meinow et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Gruneir et al . ). Research has established that receipt of formal care is more common amongst older people living alone than amongst older people living with somebody (Meinow et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Receipt of Formal and Informal Help with Specific Care Tasks among Older People Living in their Own Home. National Trends over Two Decades

et al. 2017

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Sweden is seen as a typical example of a social democratic welfare regime, with universal and generous welfare policies. However, in the last decades, there have been substantial reductions in the Swedish provision of care for older people. This study aimed to examine trends in sources of care-receipt in older people (77+) living in their own home and with a perceived need for help with two specific tasks: house cleaning and/or food shopping. Trends in care-receipt were examined in relation to gender, living alone, having children and socio-economic position. Data from the 1992, 2002 and 2011 data collection waves of the national study, Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD), were used. Response rates varied between 86 and 95 per cent, and the sample represents the population well. Trends and differences between groups were explored in bivariate and logistic regression analyses. There was a reduction in formal care-receipt regarding house cleaning and food shopping over the study period. It was more common for women than men to receive formal care, and more common for men than women to receive informal care. Reductions in formal care have affected older women more than older men. Still, living alone was the most influential factor in care-receipt, associated with a greater likelihood of formal care-receipt and a lower likelihood of informal care-receipt. It can be concluded that public responsibility for care is becoming more narrowly defined in Sweden, and that more responsibility for care is placed on persons in need of care and their families.

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“…Gruneir et al . ). Another gender difference is that women tend to have higher levels of social contacts than men (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Noel‐Miller ; Gruneir et al . ). While some research has found no difference between men and women in the amount of formal home help received (Meinow et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Receipt of Formal and Informal Help with Specific Care Tasks among Older People Living in their Own Home. National Trends over Two Decades

et al. 2017

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“…Having a spouse and having a child are positively related to using less formal care [7,9,10]. Also the level of disability, health status, age, gender, household size and the social network are important determinants of the use of care [4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term care use after a stroke or femoral fracture and the role of family caregivers

2020

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Background: There has been a shift from institutional care towards home care, and from formal to informal care to contain long-term care (LTC) costs in many countries. However, substitution to home care or informal care might be harder to achieve for some conditions than for others. Therefore, insight is needed in differences in LTC use, and the role of potential informal care givers, across specific conditions. We analyze differences in LTC use of previously independent older patients after a fracture of femur and stroke, and in particular examine to what extent having a partner and children affects LTC use for these conditions. Methods: Using administrative data on Dutch previously independent older people (55+) with a fracture of femur or stroke in 2013, we investigate their LTC use in the year after the condition takes place. We use administrative treatment data to select individuals who were treated by a medical specialist for a stroke or femoral fracture in 2013. Subsequent LTC use is measured as using no formal care, home care, institutional care or being deceased at 13 consecutive four-weekly periods after initial treatment. We relate long-term care use to having a partner, having children, other personal characteristics and the living environment.Results: The probability to use no formal care 1 year after the initial treatment is equally high for both conditions, but patients with a fracture are more likely to use home care, while patients with a stroke are more likely to use institutional care or have died. Having a spouse has a negative effect on home care and institutional care use, but the timing of the effect, especially for institutional care, differs strongly between the two conditions. Having children also has a negative effect on formal care use, and this effect is consistently larger for patients with a fracture than patients with a stroke. Conclusion:As the condition and the effect of potential informal care givers matter for subsequent long-term care use, policy makers should take the expected prevalence of specific conditions within the older people population into account when designing long-term care policies.

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“…In nursing and public health, only a few studies have focused on gender disparities with regard to LTC . If these differences are analysed, they are discussed primarily as a side effect and are not the main research subject .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender disparities in German home‐care arrangements

Dorin

Krupa²,

Metzing

et al. 2015

Scandinavian Caring Sciences

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An ageing population correlates with rising needs for long-term care (LTC). Support programmes should consider the specific needs of the various subgroups of care dependents and family caregivers. The objective of this study was to analyse the gender-specific disparities in home-care arrangements in Germany, and for this purpose, survey and insurance claims data were used. A survey of 2545 insured care recipients with high-level care needs was conducted in 2012 with the Barmer GEK, a major German statutory healthcare insurance. Insurance claims data were provided for a follow-up, focussing on the group aged 60 years and older. For statistical comparison, chi-squared test and t-tests were used, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Most care recipients are female, and they are on average 2 years older than males. Men receive family care mostly from their wives, whereas widows frequently live alone and receive care from daughters, sons, other relatives, neighbours and friends, as well as from professional nursing services. Furthermore, women more often anticipate the need for (further) professional assistance and move in with a relative or to an assisted living facility or a nursing home in good time. The desired rate for relocation to a nursing home was higher than the anticipated, and during the 6-month follow-up, the actual rate of relocations was in between both. In summary, the caring situation of men and women is different. Care-receiving men are most often cared for by their wives. Widowed women need a social network and their children in order to remain in their own home. To provide better home-care arrangements for women in this situation, the family and social networks need a stronger focus in politics and research. To stabilise the home-care situation of men with high-level care needs, their wives need more support.

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Gender differences in home care clients and admission to long-term care in Ontario, Canada: a population-based retrospective cohort study

Cited by 53 publications

References 39 publications

Receipt of Formal and Informal Help with Specific Care Tasks among Older People Living in their Own Home. National Trends over Two Decades

Receipt of Formal and Informal Help with Specific Care Tasks among Older People Living in their Own Home. National Trends over Two Decades

Long-term care use after a stroke or femoral fracture and the role of family caregivers

Gender disparities in German home‐care arrangements

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