Gender Differences in Gambling Exposure and At-risk Gambling Behavior

Carneiro, Elizabeth; Tavares, Hermano; Sanches, Marcos; Pinsky, Ilana; Caetano, Raúl; Zaleski, Marcos; Laranjeira, Ronaldo

doi:10.1007/s10899-019-09884-7

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the present study, among self-excluders, 58% were men, therefore within the range of the studies presenting the sex distribution in selfexcluders, but lower than previous studies reporting selfexclusion in online gambling specifically. The lack of a sex difference in the present study may seem to be in contrast with the traditionally male majority reported in samples of problem gamblers [26,[38][39][40][41], although recent reports from the present geographical setting may seem to be a recent exception; recent general population data [28], and survey data in online gamblers [29], demonstrate that women may be as likely as men to report problem gambling as measured with the PGSI. The results of the present study corroborate with the findings of Dragicevic and co-workers, who concluded that among online gamblers, male sex was not overrepresented in self-excluders, and previous data showing a male majority may be explained by the higher gambling prevalence in men [42].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Who chooses to enroll in a new national gambling self-exclusion system? A general population survey in Sweden

Håkansson

Henzel

2020

Harm Reduct J

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Background Self-exclusion from gambling is a common method for prevention and harm reduction in hazardous gambling. However, few national self-exclusion programs, involving a large number of gambling operators and activities in a country, have been assessed scientifically. This study aimed to examine characteristics of individuals who chose to enroll in a recently introduced (January, 2019) national self-exclusion system in Sweden. Methods Adults and adolescents (from age 16 and above) were addressed with an online survey sent to members of the web panel of a market survey company (1940 respondents). Psychological distress, previous history of addictive disorders, sociodemographic data, and recent history of gambling patterns and over-indebtedness were recorded. Logistic regression tested associations with self-exclusion, with unadjusted analyses conducted for the sub-group of moderate-risk or problem gamblers. Results Four percent reported having self-excluded using the new national self-exclusion system. In logistic regression, self-exclusion was significantly associated with younger age (OR 0.65 [0.54–0.79] for increasing age groups) and with the highest level of problem gambling (OR 2.84 [1.10–7.37]). In moderate-risk or problem gamblers, in unadjusted analyses, younger age (p < 0.05) and psychological distress (p = 0.02) were associated with self-exclusion. In none- or low-risk gamblers, 3% had self-excluded, which was significantly associated with younger age (p < 0.001) and self-reported over-indebtedness (p < 0.001). Conclusions In a national, multi-venue online and land-based self-exclusion system, aiming to reduce the harm of problem gambling, self-exclusion is expectedly more common in problem gamblers, but also occurs among people without recent gambling problems. Further efforts may be needed in order to increase gambling self-exclusion in problem gamblers, and research in reasons for self-excluding, even in non-problem gamblers, is needed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Who chooses to enroll in a new national gambling self-exclusion system? A general population survey in Sweden

Håkansson

Henzel

2020

Harm Reduct J

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“…In another National gambling survey conducted in Iceland with 1887 individuals, males were more likely to be categorized as problem gamblers [ 37 ]. In addition, according to the First Brazilian National Alcohol Survey, men were 2.3 times more likely to be exposed to gambling than women and 3.6 times more likely to experience gambling-related problems than women [ 38 ]. Using cross-lagged panel models, the study found that men had a significantly stronger tracking correlation with gambling urges over time than women when adjusting for cognition paths [ 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Impulsiveness, Self-Esteem, Irrational Gambling Belief and Problem Gambling Moderating Effects of Gender

Choi

Kim

2021

IJERPH

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The present study investigated the relationship between impulsivity, self-esteem, irrational gambling belief, and problem gambling and also explored whether the relationships between these constructs are different for males and females. Participants included 563 college students with 259 males (46.0%) and 304 females (54.0%) from Korea. Participants completed a survey. The results showed that 5.3% of students were problem gamblers, while 9.4% were moderate-risk gamblers. The relationships between impulsivity, self-esteem, irrational gambling belief, and problem gambling differed for males and females. For females, greater impulsivity and lower self-esteem predicted higher irrational gambling belief, while higher irrational gambling belief predicted more problem gambling. For males, greater impulsivity predicted higher irrational gambling belief, and higher irrational gambling belief predicted more problem gambling. This finding suggests that different prevention efforts are needed, which will require identifying the variables that affect problem gambling.

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“…Besides, gender seem to moderate the link between BAs and their clinical phenotype. In fact, recent findings showed that while GD was more frequent among males than females (Fröberg et al, 2015;Di Nicola et al, 2017;Carneiro et al, 2019), IA did not show a gender-related trend (McNicol and Thorsteinsson, 2017;Li et al, 2019) and FA was more frequent among females (Aloi et al, 2017;Borisenkov et al, 2018;Magyar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Potential Role of the Early Maladaptive Schema in Behavioral Addictions Among Late Adolescents and Young Adults

et al. 2020

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Background: Behavioral addiction (BA) is a recent concept in psychiatry. Few studies have investigated the relationship between BA and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs). EMS is the core of Schema Therapy (ST). According to the ST model, psychiatric disorders result from the development of EMSs in response to unmet emotional needs in childhood. Bach et al. (2018) grouped the 18 EMSs into four domains: (1) disconnection and rejection; (2) impaired autonomy and performance; (3) excessive responsibility and standards; and (4) impaired limits. This study aims to assess the possible association of the most frequent BAs with EMSs in a large group of late adolescents and young adults and to evaluate their self-perceived quality of life (QoL). Methods: A battery of psychological tests assessing food addiction (FA), gambling disorder (GD), internet addiction (IA), and QoL was administered to 1,075 late adolescents and young adults (N = 637; 59.3% women). A forward-stepwise logistic regression model was run to identify which variables were associated with BAs. Results: Food addiction was more frequent among women and GD among men, while IA was equally distributed. Regarding the EMSs, participants with FA or IA showed significantly higher scores on all four-schema domains, whereas those with GD exhibited higher scores on impaired autonomy and performance and impaired limits. Besides, average scores of all domains increased with the association of two or more comorbid BAs. Self-perceived QoL was lower for participants with FA and IA, but not for those with GD; the presence of comorbid BAs was associated with lower Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores. Finally, specific EMS domains and demographic variables were associated with each BA. Conclusion: Late adolescents and young adults with FA or IA have a lower perception of their mental and physical health. The most striking result is that FA appears to be

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Gender Differences in Gambling Exposure and At-risk Gambling Behavior

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Who chooses to enroll in a new national gambling self-exclusion system? A general population survey in Sweden

Who chooses to enroll in a new national gambling self-exclusion system? A general population survey in Sweden

The Relationship between Impulsiveness, Self-Esteem, Irrational Gambling Belief and Problem Gambling Moderating Effects of Gender

The Potential Role of the Early Maladaptive Schema in Behavioral Addictions Among Late Adolescents and Young Adults

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