Gender differences in empathy in parents at high- and low-risk of child physical abuse

Pérez‐Albéniz, Alicia; Paúl, Joaquı́n de

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.11.017

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Subjects were asked to respond to how well each item describes them. For example, “My partner says I don’t understand what they feel,” or “When my child is bothered, it is hard to tell if s/he is sad or just nervous.” Higher scores indicate higher levels of empathy [35]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Mental Health Impacts of Household Gardens in an Urban Slum in Lima, Peru

Korn

Bolton

Spencer

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Rural poverty and lack of access to education has led to urban migration and fed the constant growth of urban slums in Lima, Peru. Inhabitants of these informal settlements lack land rights and access to a public water supply, resulting in poor sanitation, an inability to grow food, and suboptimal health outcomes. A repeated measures longitudinal pilot study utilizing participatory design methods was conducted in Lima between September 2013 and September 2014 to determine the feasibility of implementing household gardens and the subsequent impact of increased green space on well-being. Anthropometric data and a composite of five validated mental health surveys were collected at the baseline, 6-months, and 12-months after garden construction. Significant increases from the baseline in all domains of quality of life, including: physical (p < 0.01), psychological (p = 0.05), social (p = 0.02), environmental (p = 0.02), and overall social capital (p < 0.01) were identified 12 months after garden construction. Life-threatening experiences decreased significantly compared to the baseline (p = 0.02). There were no significant changes in parent or partner empathy (p = 0.21), BMI (p = 0.95), waist circumference (p = 0.18), or blood pressure (p = 0.66) at 6 or 12 months. Improved access to green space in the form of a household garden can significantly improve mental health in an urban slum setting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Mental Health Impacts of Household Gardens in an Urban Slum in Lima, Peru

Korn

Bolton

Spencer

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…Empathy could be considered as a cognitive dimension when it refers to the tendency to take the perspective of others, or when subjects can understand and identify the feelings of the characters of a fiction picture or novel. Both emotional and cognitive dimensions have to be taken into account when the concept of empathy is measured with a rating scale (Davis, 1980;Perez-Albeniz & De Paul, 2004).…”

Section: Participants and Group Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional processing in Colombian ex-combatants and its relationship with empathy and executive functions

Tobón

Ibáñez

Velilla

et al. 2014

Social Neuroscience

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In this work, the neural correlates of emotional processing in Colombian ex-combatants with different empathy profiles were compared to normal controls matched for age, gender and educational level. Forty ex-combatants and 20 non ex-combatants were recruited for this study. Empathy levels as well as executive functions were measured. Empathy level was used to create three groups. Group 1 (G1) included ex-combatants with normal empathy scores, and Group 2 included ex-combatants with low scores on at least one empathy sub-scales. In control group (Ctrl), participants with no antecedents of being combatants and with normal scores in empathy were included. Age, gender, educational and intelligence quotients level were controlled among groups. event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while individuals performed an affective picture processing task that included positive, neutral and negative emotional stimuli, which elicit an early modulation of emotion categorization (Early Posterior Negativity (EPN)) and late evaluative process (LPP). EPN differences were found among affective categories, but no group effects were observed at this component. LPP showed a main effect of category and group (higher amplitudes in ex-combatants). There was an inverse correlation between empathy and executive functions scores and ERPs. Results are discussed according to the impact of emotional processing on empathy profile.

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“…In terms of preexisting positive affect states, empathy can reduce aggression (Richardson et al 1994). Low empathy has been observed in abusive mothers (Mennen and Trickett 2011) and high-risk parents (Perez-Albeniz and de Paul 2004), and has been associated with increased child abuse potential in low and at-risk samples (Rodriguez 2013; McElroy and Rodriguez 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent–Child Aggression Risk in Expectant Mothers and Fathers: A Multimethod Theoretical Approach

2016

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The current investigation evaluated whether cognitive processes characteristic of the Social Information Processing model predicted parent-child aggression (PCA) risk independent of personal vulnerabilities and resiliencies. This study utilized a multimethod approach, including analog tasks, with a diverse sample of 203 primiparous expectant mothers and 151 of their partners. Factors considered in this study included PCA approval attitudes, empathy, reactivity, negative child attributions, compliance expectations, and knowledge of non-physical discipline alternatives; additionally, vulnerabilities included psychopathology symptoms, domestic violence victimization, and substance use, whereas resiliencies included perceived social support, partner relationship satisfaction, and coping efficacy. For both mothers and fathers, findings supported the role of greater approval of PCA attitudes, lower empathy, more overreactivity, more negative attributions, and higher compliance expectations in relation to elevated risk of PCA. Moreover, personal vulnerabilities and resiliencies related to PCA risk for mothers; however, fathers and mothers differed on the nature of these relationships with respect to vulnerabilities as well as aspects of empathy and PCA approval attitudes. Findings provide evidence for commonalities in many of the factors investigated between mothers and fathers with some notable distinctions. Results are discussed in terms of how findings could inform prevention programs.

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Gender differences in empathy in parents at high- and low-risk of child physical abuse

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Physical and Mental Health Impacts of Household Gardens in an Urban Slum in Lima, Peru

Physical and Mental Health Impacts of Household Gardens in an Urban Slum in Lima, Peru

Emotional processing in Colombian ex-combatants and its relationship with empathy and executive functions

Parent–Child Aggression Risk in Expectant Mothers and Fathers: A Multimethod Theoretical Approach

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