Gender differences in burns: A study from emergency centres in the Western Cape, South Africa

Blom, L.; Klingberg, Anders; Laflamme, Lucie; Wallis, Lee; Hasselberg, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.burns.2016.05.003

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This suggests that burns are frequent in males, which agrees with some reports ( Nthumba, 2016 ; Jiang et al, 2010 ; Latifi & Karimi, 2017 ). Previously, however, the incidence of burns was found higher for males than females only in adults, with no gender difference in children ( Blom et al, 2016 ). Furthermore, another study reported burn incidence higher in females than males ( Parray et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Epidemiological characteristics and factors affecting length of hospital stay for children and adults with burns in Zunyi, China: a retrospective study

Wang

Nie

Zhou

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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ObjectiveBurn wounds are a global public health problem, and a large number of casualties are caused by burns each year. In this study, we explored the epidemiological characteristics associated with burns and the factors affecting the length of hospital stay (LOS) in children and adults with burn wounds.MethodsRecords of patients with burns in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 1, 2014 to August 31, 2016 were retrieved. Information on demographic characteristics, mechanism of burns, first treatment received, clinical details of burns, and LOS were extracted from hospital medical records.ResultsA total of 465 children and 327 adults with burns were identified over about 2.5 years. The ratio of male to female children with burn wounds was 1.6 and 2.3 in adults. The epidemiological characteristics of burns, including gender, season, location, etiology, degree and site, differed between children and adults. There were differences in external remedies used (e.g., traditional Chinese medicine powder) and wound protection (towels covering wounds) between children and adults, but few patients had both protected wounds and did not use external remedies. LOS was reduced with age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.993) and skin grafting (HR = 0.339). LOS increased with the male gender (HR = 1.234), deep partial thickness burns (HR = 3.128), and full-thickness burns (HR = 1.791). LOS was increased when total body surface area (TBSA) of burns reached from 10% to 29% (HR = 3.978), when TBSA was greater than 30% (HR = 1.787), and heat vs. non-heat etiologies (HR = 1.497).ConclusionOur findings for the epidemiological characteristics of burns in children and adults in Zunyi will help with a targeted awareness campaign and improve knowledge of first-aid and wound treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Epidemiological characteristics and factors affecting length of hospital stay for children and adults with burns in Zunyi, China: a retrospective study

Wang

Nie

Zhou

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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“…This supports that emphasis should be placed on males, adolescents and adults when designing the awareness programs, which contradicted the assumption of the researcher that adult females are more prone to burn type of injury. Previous literature implicated males for higher involvement in acquiring burn injury (23,29), adult males sustained a higher rate of injury in this case also. The observed numbers suggested higher male involvement though this hypothesis were rolled out when statistical analysis failed to demonstrate a difference among gender groups that are stratified by age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Patterns and Sequelae of burn injury at the Jordanian Royal Medical Services rehabilitation center in 2005-2017: a cross-sectional study

El-Maaytah¹,

Al-Bdour²,

Aldabbas³

et al. 2019

Electron. physician

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Background: Burns are not yet appropriately reported in Jordan; determining patterns provides critical input in construction of awareness programs and vital issues to be addressed while developing such programs to raise public awareness as well as to increase the safety measures in domestic settings, as prevention is better than cure. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine burns in Jordan in regard to patterns and sequelae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,288 records of patients with burns at the burns unit of the Royal Jordanian Rehabilitation Center (RJRC) between 2005 and 2017 were studied. Age, gender, total body surface area (TBSA), location of burn, admission date and time, location of incidence and mortality. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 31±26 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1.56:1 and 41.8% of victims admitted were at or below 14 years of age. The proportions of males and females with burn injury was not statistically significant by age group (p=0.8). A total of 90.5% were in a domestic environment and 64.5% were the result of direct flame burn, followed by scalding burns in about 25.3%. The most affected sites were limbs with the majority of patients with below 40% total body surface area (TBSA) affected and deep partial thickness. A further 218 cases were inhalational injuries. Mean of in-hospital stay was 18 days. The overall mortality rate was 14.6% and attributed to elevated TBSA, depth of the wound, presence of inhalational injury and flame type of burn. Age specific mortality were 7.9% and 19.15% in patient younger than 14 years of age and in older ones respectively Conclusion: As most burns appeared to be in domestic settings, raising public awareness and increasing safety measures in domestic settings will hopefully decrease burn incidence and its consequences. Teaching first aid to the population can also be beneficial in reducing the morbidity and mortality of burn.

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“…Typical injury cases were identified from a one-year caseload ( n = 1913) of burn patients in eight emergency centres [ 30 ] in the province. In this patient group, 39.4% were 0–4 years, 10.2% were 5–9 years and 28% were 20–39 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this patient group, 39.4% were 0–4 years, 10.2% were 5–9 years and 28% were 20–39 years. Slightly more than half were men (52.8%) and about two thirds (65.2%) were burnt by hot liquids [ 30 ]. For the purpose of this study, the dataset was first split into two age groups: children (0–12 years) and adults (13 years and older), on grounds that paediatric burns units (as other healthcare services) treat children 0–12 years while those 13 years and above are treated in adults units [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of acute burns diagnosis made using smartphones and tablets: a questionnaire-based study among medical experts

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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BackgroundRemote assistance for burns by medical experts can support nurses and general physicians in emergency care with diagnostic and management advice. Previous studies indicate a high diagnostic accuracy based on images viewed on a computer screen, but whether image-based analysis by experts using handheld devices is accurate remains to be determined.MethodA review of patient data from eight emergency centres in the Western Cape, South Africa, revealed 10 typical cases of burns commonly seen in children and adults. A web-based questionnaire was created with 51 images of burns representing those cases. Burns specialists from two countries (South Africa and Sweden (n = 8 and 7 respectively)) and emergency medicine specialists from South Africa (n = 11) were contacted by email and asked to assess each burn’s total body surface area (TBSA) and depth using a smartphone or tablet. The accuracy and inter-rater reliability of the assessments were measured using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), both for all cases aggregated and for paediatric and adult burn cases separately. Eight participants repeated the questionnaire on a computer and intra-rater reliability was calculated.ResultsThe assessments of TBSA are of high accuracy all specialists aggregated (ICC = 0.82 overall and 0.81 for both child and adult cases separately) and remain high for all three participant groups separately. The burn depth assessments have low accuracy all specialists aggregated, with ICCs of 0.53 overall, 0.61 for child and 0.46 for adult cases. The most accurate assessments of depth are among South African burns specialists (reaching acceptable for child cases); the other two groups’ ICCs are low in all instances. Computer-based assessments were similar to those made on handheld devices.ConclusionAs was the case for computer-based studies, burns images viewed on handheld devices may be a suitable means of seeking expert advice even with limited additional information when it comes to burn size but less so in the case of burn depth. Familiarity with the type of cases presented could facilitate image-based diagnosis of depth.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12873-017-0151-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Gender differences in burns: A study from emergency centres in the Western Cape, South Africa

Cited by 48 publications

References 39 publications

Epidemiological characteristics and factors affecting length of hospital stay for children and adults with burns in Zunyi, China: a retrospective study

Epidemiological characteristics and factors affecting length of hospital stay for children and adults with burns in Zunyi, China: a retrospective study

Patterns and Sequelae of burn injury at the Jordanian Royal Medical Services rehabilitation center in 2005-2017: a cross-sectional study

Accuracy of acute burns diagnosis made using smartphones and tablets: a questionnaire-based study among medical experts

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