Gender differences in anomalous subcortical morphology for children with ADHD

Wang, Yanpei; Xu, Qin; Li, Shuting; Li, Gen; Zuo, Chenyi; Liao, Shuirong; Long, Yang; Li, Shan; Joshi, R. Malatesha

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2017.12.006

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is consistent with prior research that found significant reductions in boys compared to girls (Villemonteix et al, 2015). There is a higher prevalence of ADHD-C in males, and as our results show, there is a significant brain volume reduction in combined type (Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Boys with ADHD-C experience a decrease in the volume of the ACC in comparison to typically developing boys, whereas girls with ADHD-C experience an increase in the volume of the ACC in comparison to typically developing girls (Villemonteix et al, 2015). Boys with ADHD have also been shown to have smaller accumbens, amygdala, and hippocampus volumes compared to typically developing boys, but these relations were not found in girls (Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Volumetric Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Hysell¹

2020

Preprint

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of inattentive and/or hyperactive behaviors that is typically prevalent in childhood. There are three recognized subtypes of this disorder—hyperactive, inattentive, and combined. The current study’s purpose is to examine how the subtypes differentiate based on brain structure volume size. There have been studies on ADHD subtypes and brain structure volumes in children, but there are a number of limitations in available research that make it difficult to generalize findings. A meta-analysis was done using 8 studies that included volumetric data of ADHD subtypes (inattentive and combined) in children that was acquired through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. Analyses were done looking at combined and inattentive type in comparison to controls and between the two groups. Further subgroup analyses were done on gender and brain regions in the two subtypes. Results show that there is a significant brain volume reduction in combined type in comparison to controls and inattentive type. There is also a significant volume reduction observed in males. The other analyses done yielded insignificant findings, although the volume reduction in inattentive type was only slightly above the cutoff of alpha (0.05). These findings help in better understanding the relations between brain volume and ADHD subtypes, but further research is still needed in this area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Volumetric Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Hysell¹

2020

Preprint

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“…To address this, we derived this information from SW topology. Previous studies found that, among children with ADHD, there are gender differences in brain structure (51); however, girls comprised only 35% of our participants. In addition, participants in the ADHD and TDC groups were not matched for gender or IQ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Disrupted Resting Frontal–Parietal Attention Network Topology Is Associated With a Clinical Measure in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2019

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Purpose: Although alterations in resting-state functional connectivity between brain regions have been reported in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the spatial organization of these changes remains largely unknown. Here, we studied frontal–parietal attention network topology in children with ADHD, and related topology to a clinical measure of disease progression. Methods: Resting-state fMRI scans were obtained from New York University Child Study Center, including 119 children with ADHD (male n = 89; female n = 30) and 69 typically developing controls (male n = 33; female n = 36). We characterized frontal–parietal functional networks using standard graph analysis (clustering coefficient and shortest path length) and the construction of a minimum spanning tree, a novel approach that allows a unique and unbiased characterization of brain networks. Results: Clustering coefficient and path length in the frontal–parietal attention network were similar in children with ADHD and typically developing controls; however, diameter was greater and leaf number, tree hierarchy, and kappa were lower in children with ADHD, and were significantly correlated with ADHD symptom score. There were significant alterations in nodal eccentricity in children with ADHD, involving prefrontal and occipital cortex regions, which are compatible with the results of previous ADHD studies. Conclusions: Our results indicate the tendency to deviate from a more centralized organization (star-like topology) towards a more decentralized organization (line-like topology) in the frontal–parietal attention network of children with ADHD. This represents a more random network that is associated with impaired global efficiency and network decentralization. These changes appear to reflect clinically relevant phenomena and hold promise as markers of disease progression.

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“…However, volume reductions in BD appear to be stronger in females ( Frazier et al, 2008 , 2005 ), while no volume reduction was observed in female survivors of sexual abuse ( Landre et al, 2010 ). Furthermore, smaller hippocampal volumes were also observed in schizophrenia ( Pruessner et al, 2015 ; Pegues et al, 2003 ; Irle et al, 2011 ; Exner et al, 2008 ) and ADHD ( Wang et al, 2018 ). Along with volume reductions, a reduced activation of the hippocampus during memory tasks and viewing of emotional pictures was observed in female patients with MDD ( Milne et al, 2012 ; Holsen et al, 2011 , 2012 ).…”

Section: The Role Of the Hippocampus In Stress-related Disordersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus

Hillerer

Slattery

Pletzer

2019

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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Men and women differ in their vulnerability to a variety of stress-related illnesses, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood. This is likely due to a comparative dearth of neurobiological studies that assess male and female rodents at the same time, while human neuroimaging studies often don’t model sex as a variable of interest. These sex differences are often attributed to the actions of sex hormones, i.e. estrogens, progestogens and androgens. In this review, we summarize the results on sex hormone actions in the hippocampus and seek to bridge the gap between animal models and findings in humans. However, while effects of sex hormones on the hippocampus are largely consistent in animals and humans, methodological differences challenge the comparability of animal and human studies on stress effects. We summarise our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie sex-related differences in behavior and discuss implications for stress-related illnesses.

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Gender differences in anomalous subcortical morphology for children with ADHD

Cited by 32 publications

References 38 publications

Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD Subtypes

Disrupted Resting Frontal–Parietal Attention Network Topology Is Associated With a Clinical Measure in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex-related differences in stress-related disorders: Effects of neuroactive steroids on the hippocampus

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