Gender Differences in Alcohol Use: a Nationwide Study in a Multiethnic Population

Goh, Chong Min Janrius; Asharani, P. V.; Abdin, Edimansyah; Shahwan, Shazana; Zhang, Yunjue; Sambasivam, Rajeswari; Vaingankar, Janhavi Ajit; Ma, Stefan; Chong, Siow Ann; Subramaniam, Mythily

doi:10.1007/s11469-022-00921-y

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The HC group is characterized by a high number of female subjects while the AUD sample contained mostly male participants. Concerning the AUD sample, our numbers reflect the epidemiological situation as men are diagnosed with AUD about four times as often as women ( 55 ). However, it has been repeatedly shown, that PIT effects are not affected by confounders such as age or gender ( 42 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Effects of a brief mindfulness meditation practice on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in alcohol use disorder – a pilot study

et al. 2023

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IntroductionPavlovian conditioned contextual cues have been suggested to modulate instrumental action and might explain maladaptive behavior such as relapse in participants suffering from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Pavlovian-to-Instrumental transfer (PIT) experimentally assesses the magnitude of this context-dependent effect and studies have shown a larger PIT effect in AUD populations. Taken this into account, a reduction of the influence of cues on behavior seems warranted and one approach that could alter such cue reactivity is mindfulness. Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to be efficient in the treatment of AUD, but underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we aim at investigating the effect of a brief mindful body scan meditation on the magnitude of the PIT effect in AUD subjects and matched controls.MethodsUsing a randomized within-subjects design, we compared the effect of a short audio guided body scan meditation against a control condition (audio of nature sounds) on PIT in healthy (n = 35) and AUD (n = 27) participants.ResultsWe found no differences in PIT effect between healthy and AUD participants as well as between conditions. However, a significant interaction effect points to a decreased PIT effect after body scan meditation in AUD subjects only.DiscussionThese pilot results suggest that AUD might be susceptible to mindfulness-induced changes in PIT, with these findings contributing to entangling the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in AUD. However, further investigation should confirm these preliminary results and the efficacy of mindfulness meditation practice in decreasing the PIT effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Effects of a brief mindfulness meditation practice on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in alcohol use disorder – a pilot study

et al. 2023

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“…In our review, we found limited countries providing data on the prevalence of the last 12‐month AUD, ranging from 1.0% in Iran to 11.2% in Lebanon and Tunisia. Compared globally, the corresponding estimate is as high as 13.6% in the United States and 20.9% in the Russian Federation [1], and as low as 0.8% in Singapore [34] and 0.9% in Japan [35]. Thirteen countries reported alcohol as the primary substance among treatment‐seeking people who use substances, resulting in a pooled estimate of 17% for alcohol being the primary substance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use, alcohol use disorder and heavy episodic drinking in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review

Rostam‐Abadi,

Gholami,

Shadloo

et al. 2024

Addiction

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Background and amsDespite the evident public health impact, the extent and patterns of alcohol use in the Eastern Mediterranean countries remain understudied. The latest estimation for the last 12‐month use of alcohol in the region was 2.9% in 2016 by the World Health Organization. We reviewed the main indicators for alcohol consumption in the region since 2010.MethodsWe systematically searched on‐line databases until September 2023, together with other global and regional sources for studies on the adult general population (aged ≥ 15 years) and young general populations (aged < 18 years) and studies on the treatment‐seeking individuals with substance use in Eastern Mediterranean countries. Studies were included from 22 countries: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.ResultsA total of 148 were included (n = 95 on the prevalence of alcohol use, n = 46 on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder, regular use and heavy episodic drinking, n = 35 on alcohol use pattern among people who use substances and one report on alcohol per capita consumption, n = 29 had data for more than one category). The pooled prevalence of the last 12‐month alcohol use in the adult general population was 9.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.4–13.7] among males, 2.8% (95% CI = 1.3–5.5\) among females and 6.2% (95% CI = 3.9–9.6) in both sexes in the region, with notable subregional variations. Data on the prevalence of alcohol use disorder and heavy drinking were limited to several countries, with heterogeneous indicators. The pooled estimate of alcohol as the primary substance of use among treatment‐seeking people who used substances was 16.9% (95% CI = 8.8–26.9).ConclusionsMore than 30 million adults in the Eastern Mediterranean region used alcohol in the last 12 months, with a prevalence of 6.2%. This is far fewer than the global estimate of 43% of the population aged 15 years and above, but is approximately two times more than the previous estimate (2.9%), reported by the World Health Organization in 2016, which might show an increasing trend.

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“…Another limitation of our study is the absence of a female cohort; these studies are currently underway, but further investigation is needed. While clinical AUDs affect males disproportionately more than females [52], females, in several pathological measures, have worse health outcomes related to alcohol-induced damage [53]. Given the limited existing data and knowledge on reversal of cardiac damage with abstinence, we chose to initially concentrate on a male cohort to establish a foundational understanding before potentially expanding our investigation to include female animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abstinence Restores Cardiac Function in Mice with Established Alcohol-Induced Cardiomyopathy

Edavettal,

Harris,

Cohen

et al. 2023

Cells

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Alcohol-induced cardiomyopathy (ACM) has a poor prognosis with up to a 50% chance of death within four years of diagnosis. There are limited studies investigating the potential of abstinence for promoting repair after alcohol-induced cardiac damage, particularly in a controlled preclinical study design. Here, we developed an exposure protocol that led to significant decreases in cardiac function in C57BL6/J mice within 30 days; dP/dt max decreased in the mice fed alcohol for 30 days (8054 ± 664.5 mmHg/s compared to control mice: 11,188 ± 724.2 mmHg/s, p < 0.01), and the dP/dt min decreased, as well (−7711 ± 561 mmHg/s compared to control mice: −10,147 ± 448.2 mmHg/s, p < 0.01). Quantitative PCR was used to investigate inflammatory and fibrotic biomarkers, while histology was used to depict overt changes in cardiac fibrosis. We observed a complete recovery of function after abstinence (dP/dt max increased from 8054 ± 664 mmHg/s at 30 days to 11,967 ± 449 mmHg/s after abstinence, p < 0.01); further, both inflammatory and fibrotic biomarkers decreased after abstinence. These results lay the groundwork for future investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying recovery from alcohol-induced damage in the heart.

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Gender Differences in Alcohol Use: a Nationwide Study in a Multiethnic Population

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of a brief mindfulness meditation practice on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in alcohol use disorder – a pilot study

Effects of a brief mindfulness meditation practice on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in alcohol use disorder – a pilot study

Alcohol use, alcohol use disorder and heavy episodic drinking in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review

Abstinence Restores Cardiac Function in Mice with Established Alcohol-Induced Cardiomyopathy

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