“…On the other hand, after the abolition of travellers' allowances for alcoholic beverage imports into Denmark, Sweden, and Finland in 2004, and the lowering of excise taxes on alcoholic beverages in 2003-2005 in Denmark and in 2004 in Finland, the prevalence of alcoholic beverage consumptionrelated problems mainly decreased over the study period (Bloomfield, Wicki, Gustafsson, Mäkelä, & Room, 2010). Moreover, doubts have been repeatedly raised about the effectiveness of both prices and taxation on all types of beverages and on all types of drinkers (among others see Mohler-Kuo, Rehm, Heeb, & Gmel, 2004;Nelson, 2013). The enforcement of measures and their interplay with informal control may greatly vary according to both countries and cultures, making it difficult to attempts to measure and compare the effects of similar interventions in different areas (Karlsson, Lindeman, &Österberg, 2012).…”